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Long title | An Act to provide maximum Indian participation in the government and education of the Indian people; to provide for the full participation of Indian tribes in programs and services conducted by the Federal Government for Indians and to encourage the development of human resources of the Indian people; to establish a program of assistance to upgrade Indian education; to support the right of Indian citizens to control their own educational activities; and for other purposes. |
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Nicknames | Indian Educational Reform Act |
Citations | |
Public law | 93-638 |
Statutes at Large | 88 Stat. 2203 |
Codification | |
Titles amended | 25 U.S.C.: Indians |
U.S.C. sections created | 25 U.S.C. ch. 14, subch. II § 5301 et seq. |
Legislative history | |
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United States Supreme Court cases | |
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The Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 (Public Law 93-638) authorized the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, and some other government agencies to enter into contracts with, and make grants directly to, federally recognized Indian tribes. The tribes would have authority for how they administered the funds, which gave them greater control over their welfare. The ISDEAA is codified at Title 25, United States Code, beginning at section 5301 (formerly section 450).
Signed into law on January 4, 1975, the ISDEAA made self-determination the focus of government action.[1] The Act reversed a 30-year effort by the federal government under its preceding termination policy to sever treaty relationships with and obligations to Indian tribes. The Act was the result of 15 years of change, influenced by American Indian activism, the Civil Rights Movement, and community development based on grassroots political participation.[2][3]