Back Partit Socialista del Japó Catalan Sozialistische Partei Japans German Partido Socialista de Japón Spanish حزب سوسیالیست ژاپن Persian Parti socialiste japonais French Partito Socialista Giapponese Italian 日本社会党 Japanese 일본사회당 Korean Japans sosialistparti NB Japonya Sosyalist Partisi Turkish

Japan Socialist Party

This article is about the Japanese political party that existed from 1945 to 1996. For other uses, see Japan Socialist Party (disambiguation).

Japan Socialist Party
日本社会党
Nippon shakai-tō or Nihon shakai-tō
Leader
Founded2 November 1945 (1945-11-02)
Dissolved19 January 1996 (1996-01-19)
Succeeded bySocial Democratic Party
HeadquartersSocial & Cultural Center 1-8-1 Nagata-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
NewspaperShakai Shimpō[1]
Ideology
Political positionLeft-wing[2][3]
Factions:
Centre-left[A] to far-left[B]
International affiliationSocialist International[4]
Colors  Blue
Party flag
^ A: Right Socialist Party of Japan
^ B: Left Socialist Party of Japan

The Japan Socialist Party (日本社会党, Nihon Shakai-tō, JSP) was a major socialist and progressive[3] political party in Japan which existed from 1945 to 1996. The party was the primary representative of the Japanese left and main opponent of the right-wing Liberal Democratic Party for most of its existence.[3]

The JSP was founded in 1945 by members of pre-war proletarian parties, including the Shakai Taishūtō. In the 1947 election, the JSP became the largest party in the National Diet and formed a government under Tetsu Katayama until 1948. From 1951 to 1955, the JSP was split into the Left Socialist Party and the Right Socialist Party, and in 1960 some of its members broke away to form the rival Democratic Socialist Party. In 1955, Japan's two major conservative parties merged to form the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), which has held power near-continuously since. The JSP was the largest opposition party for the next 40 years, but was incapable of forming a government. Nonetheless, it managed to hold about one third of the seats in the National Diet during this period, preventing the LDP from revising the Constitution of Japan.[5][6][7]

Under the leadership of Takako Doi, the JSP achieved brief resurgence in the 1990 election before losing many of its seats in the 1993 election. In 1994, JSP leader Tomiichi Murayama became prime minister of a coalition government before the coalition collapsed in 1996. The JSP's period in the government alienated many of its traditional supporters, and it was reconstituted in 1996 as the Social Democratic Party, which became a minor party. The Democratic Party of Japan replaced the JSP as the main opposition to the LDP.

  1. ^ 社会新報とは § ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典の解説 [What is Shakai Shimpō? § The Encyclopædia Britannica: Micropædia's explanation]. kotobank.jp (in Japanese). The Asahi Shimbun Company. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  2. ^ "Social Democratic Party of Japan | political party, Japan". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  3. ^ a b c Akito Okada, ed. (2022). Japan's School Curriculum for The 2020s: Politics, Policy, and Pedagogy. Springer Nature. p. 14. ISBN 9789811920769. Generally speaking, the LDP is a conservative party spanning the right-wing, while the JSP was a left-wing, progressive party.
  4. ^ Docherty, James C.; Lamb, Peter (2006). Historical Dictionary of Socialism. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements Series (2nd ed.). The Scarecrow Press. p. 186. ISBN 978-0-8108-5560-1. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  5. ^ ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典の解説 [The Encyclopædia Britannica: Micropædia's explanation]. kotobank.jp (in Japanese). The Asahi Shimbun Company. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  6. ^ Taguchi, Fukuji. 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)の解説 [The Nihon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica's explanation]. kotobank.jp (in Japanese). The Asahi Shimbun Company. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  7. ^ Ken Saito (2019). 圖說日本大事記：1945–2017，改變與形塑現代日本的百大事件. 麥浩斯. p. 50. ISBN 978-986-408-463-0.

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