Back وقود النفاثات Arabic سوخت جت AZB Combustible per a reactors Catalan Kerosin German Combustible de turbina de aviación Spanish Õhusõiduki kütus Estonian سوخت جت Persian Kerosine Frisian Kerozin Croatian Bahan bakar jet ID

Jet fuel

This article is about aviation turbine fuel. For the chain of European fuel stations, see Jet (brand).
Jet fuel
An Airbus A310-304 of Czech Airlines (OK-WAA) being fueled at Prague Václav Havel Airport
Identifiers
ChemSpider
  • None
UNII
Properties
Appearance Straw-colored liquid
Density 775-840 g/L
Melting point −47 °C (−53 °F; 226 K)
Boiling point 176 °C (349 °F; 449 K)
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuelInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
2
0
Flash point 38 °C (100 °F; 311 K)
210 °C (410 °F; 483 K)
Safety data sheet (SDS) [1] [2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Jet fuel or aviation turbine fuel (ATF, also abbreviated avtur) is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. It is colorless to straw-colored in appearance. The most commonly used fuels for commercial aviation are Jet A and Jet A-1, which are produced to a standardized international specification. The only other jet fuel commonly used in civilian turbine-engine powered aviation is Jet B, which is used for its enhanced cold-weather performance.

Jet fuel is a mixture of a variety of hydrocarbons. Because the exact composition of jet fuel varies widely based on petroleum source, it is impossible to define jet fuel as a ratio of specific hydrocarbons. Jet fuel is therefore defined as a performance specification rather than a chemical compound.[1] Furthermore, the range of molecular mass between hydrocarbons (or different carbon numbers) is defined by the requirements for the product, such as the freezing point or smoke point. Kerosene-type jet fuel (including Jet A and Jet A-1, JP-5, and JP-8) has a carbon number distribution between about 8 and 16 (carbon atoms per molecule); wide-cut or naphtha-type jet fuel (including Jet B and JP-4), between about 5 and 15.[2][3]

  1. ^ Defence Standards. "Ministry of Defence Standard 91-91: Turbine Fuel, Kerosine Type, Jet A-1" (PDF). p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-03-07. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
  2. ^ Chevron Products Corporation. "Aviation Fuels Technical Review" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-07. Retrieved 2014-05-06.
  3. ^ Salvatore J. Rand (ed), Significance of Tests for Petroleum Products (8th Edition) ASTM International, 2010, ISBN 978-1-61583-673-4 page 88

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