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John Hancock

For other people named John Hancock, see John Hancock (disambiguation).

John Hancock
Half-length portrait of a man with a hint of a smile. His features suggests that he is in his 30s, although he wears an off-white wig in the style of an English gentleman that makes him appear older. His dark suit has fancy embroidery.
Portrait by John Singleton Copley, c. 1770–1772
1st and 3rd Governor of Massachusetts
In office
May 30, 1787 – October 8, 1793
LieutenantSamuel Adams
Preceded byJames Bowdoin
Succeeded bySamuel Adams
In office
October 25, 1780 – January 29, 1785
LieutenantThomas Cushing
Preceded byOffice established (partly Thomas Gage as colonial governor)
Succeeded byJames Bowdoin
4th and 13th President of the Continental Congress
In office
November 23, 1785 – June 5, 1786
Preceded byRichard Henry Lee
Succeeded byNathaniel Gorham
In office
May 24, 1775 – October 31, 1777
Preceded byPeyton Randolph
Succeeded byHenry Laurens
1st President of Massachusetts Provincial Congress
In office
October 7, 1774 – May 2, 1775
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byJoseph Warren
Personal details
Born(1737-01-23)January 23, 1737
Braintree, Province of Massachusetts Bay, British America (now Quincy)
DiedOctober 8, 1793(1793-10-08) (aged 56)
Hancock Manor, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Resting placeGranary Burying Ground, Boston
Spouse
​
(m. 1775)​
Children2
RelativesQuincy political family
Alma materHarvard University
SignatureJohn Hancock's stylish signature. The handwriting, which slants slightly to the right, is firm and legible. The final letter loops back to underline his name in a flourish.

John Hancock (January 23, 1737 [O.S. January 12, 1736] – October 8, 1793) was an American Founding Father, merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution.[1] He was the longest-serving president of the Continental Congress, having served as the second president of the Second Continental Congress and the seventh president of the Congress of the Confederation. He was the first and third governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He is remembered for his large and stylish signature on the United States Declaration of Independence, so much so that in the United States, John Hancock or Hancock has become a colloquialism for a person's signature.[2] He also signed the Articles of Confederation, and used his influence to ensure that Massachusetts ratified the United States Constitution in 1788.

Before the American Revolution, Hancock was one of the wealthiest men in the Thirteen Colonies, having inherited a profitable mercantile business from his uncle. He began his political career in Boston as a protégé of Samuel Adams, an influential local politician, though the two men later became estranged. Hancock used his wealth to support the colonial cause as tensions increased between colonists and Great Britain in the 1760s. He became very popular in Massachusetts, especially after British officials seized his sloop Liberty in 1768 and charged him with smuggling. Those charges were eventually dropped; he has often been described as a smuggler in historical accounts, but the accuracy of this characterization has been questioned.

  1. ^ Bernstein, Richard B. (2009). "Appendix: The Founding Fathers, A Partial List". The Founding Fathers Reconsidered. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 176–180. ISBN 978-0199832576.
  2. ^ Harlow G. Unger (September 21, 2000). John Hancock: Merchant King and American Patriot. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-33209-1.

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