Abu ‘Isa Khallad Ibn Khalid al-Baghdadi, best known as Khallad (?-220AH),[1] was a significant early figure in the Qira'at,[2][3] or variant methods of reciting the Qur'an. Khallad and Khalaf al-Bazzar were the two primary transmitters of the Qur'an reading method of Hamzah az-Zaiyyat.[4][5][6]
Although Khallad was one of the primary transmitters of Qur'an recitation, he rarely taught the skill, and when he did so, he only taught a small number of select individuals.[7] He was known for being one of the more meticulous reciters.[8]
He died in the year 835CE.[1][2][4][5]
- ^ a b Muhammad Ghoniem and MSM Saifullah, The Ten Readers & Their Transmitters. (c) Islamic Awareness. Updated January 8, 2002; accessed April 11, 2016.
- ^ a b Aisha Bewley, The Seven Qira'at of the Qur'an. International Islamic University Malaysia. Accessed April 18, 2016.
- ^ Edward Sell, Islam, pg. 54.
- ^ a b Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān, Vol. IV: P-Sh, pg. 360. Ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2004. ISBN 9789004123557
- ^ a b Claude Gilliot, Creation of a fixed text, pg. 50. Taken from The Cambridge Companion to the Qur'an by Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. ISBN 9780521539340
- ^ Shady Hekmat Nasser, Ibn Mujahid and the Canonization of the Seven Readings, p. 129. Taken from The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur'an: The Problem of Tawaatur and the Emergence of Shawaadhdh. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2012. ISBN 9789004240810
- ^ Al-Tabari, The History of al-Tabari Vol. 1: General Introduction and From the Creation to the Flood, pg. 23. Trns. Franz Rosenthal. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989. ISBN 9780887065637
- ^ Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, Al-Bayan Fi Tafsir al-Quran, pg. 99. Trns. Abdulaziz Sachedina. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN 9780195353730