Kuomintang

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Kuomintang 中國國民黨 Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng Chungkuo Kuomintang
Other name	Nationalist Party of China[1] Chinese Nationalist Party[2]
Abbreviation	KMT
Chairman	Eric Chu
Secretary-General	Justin Huang
Founder	Sun Yat-sen
Founded	24 November 1894; 129 years ago (1894-11-24) Honolulu, Republic of Hawaii (original form) 10 October 1919; 105 years ago (1919-10-10) Shanghai French Concession (current form)
Preceded by	Revive China Society (1894) Tongmenghui (1905) Kuomintang (1912)
Headquarters	No. 232–234, Sec. 2, Bade Rd., Zhongshan District, Taipei City 104, Taiwan[3]
Newspaper	Central Daily News
Think tank	National Policy Foundation
Youth wing	Kuomintang Youth League Three Principles of the People Youth League (1938–1947)
Education wing	Institute of Revolutionary Practice
Military wing	National Revolutionary Army (1925–1947)
Paramilitary wing	Blue Shirts Society (1932–1938)[4]
Membership (2022)	451,174[5]
Ideology	Conservatism (Taiwanese) Three Principles of the People
Political position	Centre-right[6] to right-wing[7] Historical: Big tent[10]
National affiliation	Pan-Blue Coalition[11]
Regional affiliation	Asia Pacific Democrat Union
International affiliation	Centrist Democrat International International Democracy Union[12]
Colours	Blue
Anthem	"Three Principles of the People"
Legislative Yuan	52 / 113
Municipal mayors	4 / 6
Magistrates/mayors	10 / 16
Councillors	367 / 910
Township/city mayors	83 / 204
Party flag
Website
kmt.org.tw
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Kuomintang
"Kuomintang (Guómíndǎng)" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	中國國民黨
Simplified Chinese	中国国民党
Literal meaning	Chinese Nationals' Party
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng Bopomofo ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄤˇ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Jong'gwo Gwomindaang Wade–Giles Chung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3 Tongyong Pinyin Jhongguó Guó-mín-dǎng IPA [ʈʂʊ́ŋ.kwǒ kwǒ.mǐn.tàŋ] other Mandarin Xiao'erjing ﺟْﻮ ﻗُﻮَع ﻗُﻮَع مٍ دْا Dungan Җунгуй Гуймин Дон Wu Romanization tson平 koh入 koh入 min平 taon上 Hakka Romanization dung24 gued2 gued2 min11 dong31 Pha̍k-fa-sṳ Dṳ̆ng-guók Guók-mìng-dōng Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Jūnggwok Gwokmàhndóng Jyutping zung1 gwok3 gwok3 man4 dong2 IPA [tsʊŋ˥ kʷɔk̚˧ kʷɔk̚˧ mɐn˩ tɔŋ˧˥] Southern Min Hokkien POJ Tiong-kok Kok-bîn-tóng
Abbreviation
Traditional Chinese	國民黨
Simplified Chinese	国民党
Literal meaning	Nationals' Party
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Guómíndǎng Bopomofo ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄤˇ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Gwomindaang Wade–Giles Kuo2-min2-tang3 Tongyong Pinyin Guó-mín-dǎng IPA [kwǒ.mǐn.tàŋ] Wu Romanization koh入min平taon上 Hakka Romanization gued2min11dong31 Pha̍k-fa-sṳ Guók-mìng-dōng Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Gwokmàhndóng Jyutping gwok3 man4 dong2 IPA [kʷɔk̚˧ mɐn˩ tɔŋ˧˥] Southern Min Hokkien POJ Kok-bîn-tóng
Tibetan name
Tibetan	ཀྲུང་གོའི་གོ་མིན་ཏང
Transcriptions Wylie krung go'i go min tang
Zhuang name
Zhuang	Cunghgoz Gozminzdangj
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic	Дундадын (Хятадын) Гоминдан (Хувьсгалт Нам)
Mongolian script	ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ (ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ) ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ (ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ)
Transcriptions SASM/GNC Dumdadyn (Khyatadyn) Gomindan (khuvisgalt Nam)
Uyghur name
Uyghur	جۇڭگو گومىنداڭ‎
Transcriptions Latin Yëziqi Junggo Gomindang Yengi Yeziⱪ Junggo Gomindang Siril Yëziqi Җуңго Гоминдaнг
Manchu name
Manchu script	ᠵᡠᠩᡬᠣ ᡳ ᡬᠣᠮᡳᠨᡩᠠᠩ
Romanization	Jungg'o-i G'omindang

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The Kuomintang (KMT),^[I] also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD),^[13] the Nationalist Party of China (NPC)^[1] or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP),^[2] is a political party in the Republic of China, initially based on the Chinese mainland and then in Taiwan since 1949. The KMT is a centre-right to right-wing party and the largest in the Pan-Blue Coalition, one of the two main political groups in Taiwan. Its primary rival is the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), the largest party in the Pan-Green Coalition. As of 2024, the KMT is the largest single party in the Legislative Yuan. The current chairman is Eric Chu.

The party originated as the Revive China Society founded by Sun Yat-sen in 1894 in Honolulu. The party underwent reorganization before and after the 1911 Xinhai Revolution, which resulted in the collapse of the Qing dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China (ROC), with Sun as the first president. In 1919, Sun re-established the party under the name "Kuomintang" in the Shanghai French Concession. From 1926 to 1928, the KMT under Chiang Kai-shek successfully led the Northern Expedition against regional warlords and unified the fragmented nation, leading to the fall of the Beiyang government. KMT was the sole ruling party of the ROC in China from 1928 to 1949, however the party had no actual control over a lot of territory during this period due to the civil war with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the war against Japanese aggression. The party retreated to Taiwan in December 1949, following its defeat by the communists in the civil war.

From 1949 to 1987, the KMT ruled Taiwan as an authoritarian one-party state after the February 28 incident. During this period, martial law was in effect and civil liberties were curtailed as part of its anti-communism efforts, with the period known as the White Terror. The party oversaw Taiwan's economic development, but experienced diplomatic setbacks, including the ROC losing its United Nations seat and most countries, including its ally the US, switching diplomatic recognition to the CCP-led People's Republic of China (PRC) in the 1970s. In the late 1980s, Chiang Ching-kuo, Chiang Kai-shek's son, lifted martial law and the ban on opposition parties. His successor Lee Teng-hui continued democratic reforms and was re-elected in 1996 through a direct presidential election, the first time in the ROC history. The 2000 presidential election ended 72 years of KMT's dominance in the ROC. The KMT reclaimed power from 2008 to 2016, with the landslide victory of Ma Ying-jeou in the 2008 presidential election, whose presidency significantly loosened restrictions on economic and cultural exchanges with the People's Republic of China. The KMT lost the presidency and its legislative majority in the 2016 election, but regained a legislative plurality in the 2024 election.

The KMT is a member of the International Democracy Union. The party's guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, advocated by Sun Yat-sen and organized on a basis of democratic centralism. As the KMT strongly supports the ROC as the only representative of China, it strongly opposes both Chinese unification under the PRC and formal Taiwan independence. As the KMT opposes non-peaceful means to resolve the cross-strait disputes while still strongly adhering to the ROC constitution, the party favors a closer relationship with the PRC and accepts the 1992 Consensus, which defines both sides of the Taiwan Strait as "one China" but maintains its ambiguity to different interpretations. It seeks to maintain Taiwan's status quo rather than the formal independence or the unification.

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