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Lamivudine

"3TC" redirects here. For the three-coach British electric trains sometimes known as 3TC, see British Rail Class 438. For the format of cricket, see 3TeamCricket.

Lamivudine
Clinical data
Trade namesEpivir, Epivir-HBV, Zeffix, others[1]
Other names(−)-L-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa696011
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability86%
Protein bindingLess than 36%
Elimination half-life5 to 7 hours
ExcretionKidney (circa 70%)
Identifiers
  • 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine 4-Amino-1-[(2R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-2-one
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
NIAID ChemDB
PDB ligand
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.132.250 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC8H11N3O3S
Molar mass229.25 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C1/N=C(/N)\C=C/N1[C@@H]2O[C@@H](SC2)CO
  • InChI=1S/C8H11N3O3S/c9-5-1-2-11(8(13)10-5)6-4-15-7(3-12)14-6/h1-2,6-7,12H,3-4H2,(H2,9,10,13)/t6-,7+/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:JTEGQNOMFQHVDC-RQJHMYQMSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Lamivudine, commonly called 3TC, is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS.[1] It is also used to treat chronic hepatitis B when other options are not possible.[1] It is effective against both HIV-1 and HIV-2.[1] It is typically used in combination with other antiretrovirals such as zidovudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir.[1] Lamivudine may be included as part of post-exposure prevention in those who have been potentially exposed to HIV.[1] Lamivudine is taken by mouth as a liquid or tablet.[1]

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headaches, feeling tired, and cough.[1] Serious side effects include liver disease, lactic acidosis, and worsening hepatitis B among those already infected.[1] It is safe for people over three months of age and can be used during pregnancy.[1] The medication can be taken with or without food.[1] Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and works by blocking the HIV reverse transcriptase and hepatitis B virus polymerase.[1]

Lamivudine was patented in 1995 and approved for use in the United States in 1995.[8][9] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[10] It is available as a generic medication.[1]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Lamivudine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 2 June 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  2. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  3. ^ "3TC (lamivudine, Epivir)". Catie. 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
  4. ^ "Epivir- lamivudine tablet, film coated Epivir- lamivudine solution". DailyMed. 1 August 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
  5. ^ "Epivir HBV- lamivudine tablet, film coated Epivir HBV- lamivudine solution". DailyMed. 17 August 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Epivir EPAR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Zeffix EPAR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Therapy of Viral Infections Volume 15 of Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. Springer. 2015. p. 6. ISBN 9783662467596. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016.
  9. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 506. ISBN 9783527607495.
  10. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

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