Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel

Landgraviate of Hesse-Cassel
Hessian Palatinate
Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel (German)
Hessischen Pfalz
1567–1803
Flag of Hesse-Kassel
Flag
Coat of arms (1736–1804) of Hesse-Kassel
Coat of arms
(1736–1804)
Hesse-Kassel within the Holy Roman Empire in 1618
Hesse-Kassel within the Holy Roman Empire in 1618
StatusLandgraviate
CapitalKassel
Common languages
Religion
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy
Landgrave 
• 1567–1592
William IV
• 1730–1751
Frederick I, King of Sweden
• 1751–1760
William VIII
• 1760–1785
Frederick II
• 1785–1803
William IX (Elector of Hesse to 1821)
History 
• Established
1567
• Raised to Electorate
1803
Population
• 1775
300,000[1]
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Landgraviate of Hesse
Electorate of Hesse
Today part ofGermany

The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence,[a] also known as the Hessian Palatinate (German: Hessische Pfalz),[2][3] was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. The state was created in 1567 when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided upon the death of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse. His eldest son William IV inherited the northern half of the Landgraviate and the capital of Kassel. The other sons received the Landgraviates of Hesse-Marburg, Hesse-Rheinfels and Hesse-Darmstadt.

During the Napoleonic reorganisation of the Empire in 1803, the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel was elevated to an Electorate and Landgrave William IX became an Imperial Elector. Many members of the House of Hesse-Kassel served in the Danish military gaining high ranks and power in the realm because many Landgraves were married to Danish princesses. Members of the family who are known to have served Denmark-Norway include Prince Frederik of Hesse-Kassel, Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel, and Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel. It had two votes to the Reichstag: one for itself and one for Hersfeld Abbey.

In 1801, Hesse was forced to cede land to Revolutionary France, but in 1803 it was compensated with land around the former Electorate of Mainz and was elevated to the status of Electorate as the Electorate of Hesse, officially ending the Landgraviate.

  1. ^ Brendan Morrissey. "The American Revolution The Global Struggle for National Independence." Salamander: 2001. Page 240.
  2. ^ The Bavarian State Library (1892). House documents. p. 179.
  3. ^ The Bavarian State Library (1886). Wie's klingt am Rhei' mundartliche Gedichte aus der hessischen Pfalz. p. 112.


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