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At the beginning of 19th century, Lord William Bentinck, then-Governor-general speculated that the possibility of vast change occurring in the frame of society would eventually lead to the British leaving the country under capable Indian rule. But he also added that such changes should not be expected for centuries to come.[citation needed]
At the end of 19th century, Gladstonian liberals inducted Indians from the elite class into new representative institutions, thereby providing a framework for later self-rule, which became a reality by 1947.[1]
Three strands of liberalism have manifested in India- Colonial (eg: Charles Cornwallis, Thomas Babington Macaulay), Nationalist (eg: Rammohan Roy, Surendranath Banerjee), Radical (Jyotirao Phule, B.R. Ambedkar).[2]
Right-wing journalist Swapan Dasgupta wrote in 1994 that the spirit of liberalism in India is superficial and is tempered by what he views as authoritarian ideologies like Marxism.[3]
- ^ Chatterjee, Partha (27 September 2011). "The Curious Career of Liberalism in India". Modern Intellectual History. 8 (3): 687–696. doi:10.1017/S1479244311000412. S2CID 145252660.
- ^ Jackson, Ben; Stears, Marc (16 February 2012). Liberalism as Ideology: Essays in Honour of Michael Freeden. Oxford University Press. pp. 53–76. ISBN 9780199600670. Retrieved 22 July 2024.
- ^ Dasgupta, Swapan (31 July 1994), "Right to be partisan", The Indian Express, p. 8, retrieved 2 February 2024