 | This article needs to be updated. (January 2021) |
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Business and personal 45th President of the United States Tenure Impeachments Prosecutions Interactions involving Russia   |
||
.jpg)
There are various kinds of executive actions that United States presidents may take.
Executive orders are issued to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage the operations within the federal government itself.[1] Presidential memoranda are closely related, and have the force of law on the Executive Branch, but are generally considered less prestigious. Presidential memoranda do not have an established process for issuance, and unlike executive orders, they are not numbered. A presidential determination is a determination resulting in an official policy or position of the executive branch of the United States government.[2] A presidential proclamation is a statement issued by a president on a matter of public policy issued under specific authority granted to the president by Congress and typically on a matter of widespread interest.[3] Administrative orders are signed documents such as notices, letters, and orders that can be issued to conduct administrative operations of the federal government.[4][5] A presidential notice or a presidential sequestration order can also be issued.[6][7] National security directives1 operate like executive orders, but are only in the area of national security. They have been issued by different presidents under various names.[8]
Listed below are executive orders numbered 13765-13984, presidential proclamations, presidential memoranda, presidential determinations, administrative orders, presidential notices, presidential sequestration orders, and national security presidential memoranda2 signed by U.S. President Donald Trump (2017-2021). He issued a total of 894 executive actions, of which 220 were executive orders.[9]
- ^ Schmidt, Steffen W.; Shelley, Mack C.; Bardes, Barbara A.; Ford, Lynne E. (2013). American Government and Politics Today, 2013-2014. American and Texas Government (16th ed.). Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc. ISBN 978-1133602132.
- ^ Office of the Press Secretary (January 4, 1996). "Suspending Restrictions on U.S. Relations with the Palestine Liberation Organization". Yale Law School. Yale University. White House. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
- ^ Hartman, Gary R. (2004). Landmark Supreme Court cases : the most influential decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States. New York: Facts on File. p. 545. ISBN 9781438110363.
- ^ Relyea, Harold C. (November 26, 2008). "Presidential Directives: Background and Overview" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Washington, D.C.: United States Congress. p. 4. Order Code 98-611 GOV. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
- ^ "Presidential Documents Guide". National Archives and Records Administration. Washington, D.C.: United States Government. August 15, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
- ^ Relyea, Harold C. (February 10, 2003). "Presidential Directives: Background and Overview" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
- ^ Johnson, Paul M. "Sequestration". Department of Political Science. Auburn, Alabama: Auburn University. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
- ^ Korte, Gregory (October 12, 2017). "The executive action toolbox: How presidents use proclamations, executive orders and memoranda". USA Today. McLean, Virginia: Gannett Company. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
- ^ "Executive Orders". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved February 3, 2021.