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Computer memory and data storage types
General Memory cell Memory coherence Cache coherence Memory hierarchy Memory access pattern Memory map Secondary storage MOS memory floating-gate Continuous availability Areal density (computer storage) Block (data storage) Object storage Direct-attached storage Network-attached storage Storage area network Block-level storage Single-instance storage Data Structured data Unstructured data Big data Metadata Data compression Data corruption Data cleansing Data degradation Data integrity Data security Data validation Data validation and reconciliation Data recovery Storage Data cluster Directory Shared resource File sharing File system Clustered file system Distributed file system Distributed file system for cloud Distributed data store Distributed database Database Data bank Data storage Data store Data deduplication Data structure Data redundancy Replication (computing) Memory refresh Storage record Information repository Knowledge base Computer file Object file File deletion File copying Backup Core dump Hex dump Data communication Information transfer Temporary file Copy protection Digital rights management Volume (computing) Boot sector Master boot record Volume boot record Disk array Disk image Disk mirroring Disk aggregation Disk partitioning Memory segmentation Locality of reference Logical disk Storage virtualization Virtual memory Memory-mapped file Software entropy Software rot In-memory database In-memory processing Persistence (computer science) Persistent data structure RAID Non-RAID drive architectures Memory paging Bank switching Grid computing Cloud computing Cloud storage Fog computing Edge computing Dew computing Amdahl's law Moore's law Kryder's law
Volatile
RAM Hardware cache CPU cache Scratchpad memory DRAM eDRAM SDRAM SGRAM LPDDR QDRSRAM EDO DRAM XDR DRAM RDRAM DDR GDDR HBM SRAM 1T-SRAM ReRAM QRAM Content-addressable memory (CAM) Computational RAM VRAM Dual-ported RAM Video RAM (dual-ported DRAM)
Historical Williams–Kilburn tube (1946–1947) Delay-line memory (1947) Mellon optical memory (1951) Selectron tube (1952) Dekatron T-RAM (2009) Z-RAM (2002–2010)
Non-volatile
ROM Diode matrix MROM PROM EPROM EEPROM ROM cartridge Solid-state storage (SSS) Flash memory is used in: Solid-state drive (SSD) Solid-state hybrid drive (SSHD) USB flash drive IBM FlashSystem Flash Core Module Memory card Memory Stick CompactFlash PC Card MultiMediaCard SD card SIM card SmartMedia Universal Flash Storage SxS MicroP2 XQD card Programmable metallization cell
NVRAM Memistor Memristor PCM (3D XPoint) MRAM Electrochemical RAM (ECRAM) Nano-RAM CBRAM
Early-stage NVRAM FeRAM ReRAM FeFET memory
Analog recording Phonograph cylinder Phonograph record Quadruplex videotape Vision Electronic Recording Apparatus Magnetic recording Magnetic storage Magnetic tape Magnetic-tape data storage Tape drive Tape library Digital Data Storage (DDS) Videotape Videocassette Cassette tape Linear Tape-Open Betamax 8 mm video format DV MiniDV MicroMV U-matic VHS S-VHS VHS-C D-VHS Hard disk drive
Optical 3D optical data storage Optical disc LaserDisc Compact Disc Digital Audio (CDDA) CD CD Video CD-R CD-RW Video CD Super Video CD Mini CD Nintendo optical discs CD-ROM Hyper CD-ROM DVD DVD+R DVD-Video DVD card DVD-RAM MiniDVD HD DVD Blu-ray Ultra HD Blu-ray Holographic Versatile Disc WORM
In development CBRAM Racetrack memory NRAM Millipede memory ECRAM Patterned media Holographic data storage Electronic quantum holography 5D optical data storage DNA digital data storage Universal memory Time crystal Quantum memory UltraRAM
Historical Paper data storage (1725) Punched card (1725) Punched tape (1725) Plugboard Drum memory (1932) Magnetic-core memory (1949) Plated-wire memory (1957) Core rope memory (1960s) Thin-film memory (1962) Disk pack (1962) Twistor memory (~1968) Bubble memory (~1970) Floppy disk (1971)
v t e

Magnetic-tape data storage is a system for storing digital information on magnetic tape using digital recording.

Tape was an important medium for primary data storage in early computers, typically using large open reels of 7-track, later 9-track tape. Modern magnetic tape is most commonly packaged in cartridges and cassettes, such as the widely supported Linear Tape-Open (LTO)^[1] and IBM 3592 series. The device that performs the writing or reading of data is called a tape drive. Autoloaders and tape libraries are often used to automate cartridge handling and exchange. Compatibility was important to enable transferring data.

Tape data storage^[2] is now used more for system backup,^[3] data archive and data exchange. The low cost of tape has kept it viable for long-term storage and archive.^[4]

^ "LTO Compliance-Verified Licencees". Ultrium. Archived from the original on 2006-11-13. Retrieved 2013-03-29.
^ M. K. Roy; Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar (1989). Cobol Programming. p. 18. ISBN 0074603183.
^ "Ten Reasons Why Tape Is Still The Best Way To Backup Data".
^ Coughlin, Tom. "The Costs Of Storage". Forbes. Retrieved 2020-11-03.