Back نظرية ماركس في الطبيعة البشرية Arabic মার্ক্সের মানুষের-প্রকৃতি তত্ত্ব Bengali/Bangla Teoría de la naturaleza humana (Karl Marx) Spanish 마르크스주의 인간본성론 Korean Teoria marxista sobre a natureza humana Portuguese Marx'ın insan doğası teorisi Turkish
 | This article contains too many or overly lengthy quotations. (December 2017) |
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Some Marxists posit what they deem to be Karl Marx's theory of human nature, which they accord an important place in his critique of capitalism, his conception of communism, and his materialist conception of history. Marx does not refer to human nature as such, but to Gattungswesen, which is generally translated as "species-being" or "species-essence". According to a note from Marx in the Manuscripts of 1844, the term is derived from Ludwig Feuerbach's philosophy, in which it refers both to the nature of each human and of humanity as a whole.[1]
In the sixth Theses on Feuerbach (1845), Marx criticizes the traditional conception of human nature as a species which incarnates itself in each individual, instead arguing that human nature is formed by the totality of social relations. Thus, the whole of human nature is not understood, as in classical idealist philosophy, as permanent and universal: the species-being is always determined in a specific social and historical formation, with some aspects being biological.