The Military ranks of Panama are the ranks used by the Panamanian Public Forces, which have some warfare capabilities.[1][2][3] Panama abolished its army in 1990, which was confirmed by a unanimous parliamentary vote for constitutional change in 1994.[4]
- ^ "The Panama Defense Forces". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
- ^ "CIA - The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2012-06-17.
- ^ "Panama military - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System". Photius.com. Retrieved 2012-06-17.
- ^ "Historia". www.policia.gob.pa (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 February 2020.