Ministry of Public Security (China)

Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国公安部; Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Gōng'ānbù
	Badge of the People's Police (Since 1983)
	; Ministry of Public Security Headquarters
Agency overview
Formed	1954
Preceding agency	Ministry of Public Security of the Central People's Government; (1949–1954);
Type	Constituent Department of the State Council (cabinet-level),; National level police and counterintelligence agency
Jurisdiction	Government of China
Headquarters	No. 14 East Chang'an Street, Beijing,100741
Motto	"Be loyal to the Party, Serve the People, Be impartial in law enforcement, and strict in discipline"
Employees	1.9 million
Minister responsible	Wang Xiaohong, Commissioner General;
Deputy Ministers responsible	Qi Yanjun, Chief of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau; Xu Ganlu, Director of National Immigration Administration; Xu Datong, Director of Narcotic Control Bureau (China)\|Narcotic Control Bureau; Wang Zhizhong, Intelligence Director; Chen Siyuan, Director of First Bureau; Sun Maoli, Director of 18th Bureau;
Agency executives	Ren Airong, Leader of the Discipline Inspection & Supervision Team Dispatched from the CCDI & the NSC; Feng Yan, Politics Supervisor; Chen Siyuan, the Assistant to the Minister;
Parent department	Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission; Central National Security Commission
Parent agency	State Council
Child agencies	People's Police of China; National Immigration Administration (NIA); China Immigration Inspection (CII); China National Central Bureau of Interpol; Qincheng Prison;
Website	www.mps.gov.cn

The Ministry of Public Security (MPS, Chinese: 公安部; pinyin: Gōng'ānbù)^{[note 1]} is a government ministry of the People's Republic of China responsible for public and political security. It oversees more than 1.9 million of the country's law enforcement officers and as such the vast majority of the People's Police. While the MPS is a nationwide police force, conducting counterintelligence and maintaining the political security of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) remain its core functions.^[1]^[2]^[3]

The ministry was established in 1949 after the CCP's victory in the Chinese Civil War as the successor to the Central Social Affairs Department and was known as Ministry of Public Security of the Central People's Government until 1954.^[4] Grand General Luo Ruiqing of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) served as its first minister. As the ministry's organization was based on Soviet and Eastern Bloc models, it was responsible for all aspects of national security; ranging from regular police work to intelligence, counterintelligence and the suppression of anti-CCP political and social sentiments.^[4]^[5] Military intelligence affairs remained with the General Staff Department, while the CCP's International Department was active in fomenting revolutionary tendencies worldwide by funneling weapons, money and resources into various pro-CCP movements.^[6]

The ministry employs a system of public security bureaus throughout the provinces, cities, municipalities and townships of China. The special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau maintain nominally separate police forces. The ministry is headed by the minister of public security. Wang Xiaohong has been the minister in charge since June 2022.^[7]

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

^ Joske, Alex (January 25, 2022). "Secret police: The Ministry of Public Security's clandestine foreign operations" (PDF). Sinopsis. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 25, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Schwarck, Edward (July 2018). "Intelligence and Informatization: The Rise of the Ministry of Public Security in Intelligence Work in China". The China Journal. 80: 1–23. doi:10.1086/697089. ISSN 1324-9347. S2CID 149764208.
^ ^a ^b Guo, Xuezhi (2012). "From the Social Affairs Department to Ministry of Public Security". China's Security State: Philosophy, Evolution, and Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 64–105. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139150897.003. ISBN 978-1-139-15089-7. OCLC 1277069527.
^ Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Intelligence Report: The International Liaison Department of the Chinese Communist Party" (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency. December 1971. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 31, 2012. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
^ "China's Xi Names Police Ally to Head Public Security Ministry". Bloomberg News. June 28, 2022. Retrieved November 19, 2023.

[:2-2] Joske, Alex (January 25, 2022). "Secret police: The Ministry of Public Security's clandestine foreign operations" (PDF). Sinopsis. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 25, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2022.

[:1-3] Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[4] Schwarck, Edward (July 2018). "Intelligence and Informatization: The Rise of the Ministry of Public Security in Intelligence Work in China". The China Journal. 80: 1–23. doi:10.1086/697089. ISSN 1324-9347. S2CID 149764208.

[:0-5] Guo, Xuezhi (2012). "From the Social Affairs Department to Ministry of Public Security". China's Security State: Philosophy, Evolution, and Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 64–105. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139150897.003. ISBN 978-1-139-15089-7. OCLC 1277069527.

[:3-6] Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[CIA-7] "Intelligence Report: The International Liaison Department of the Chinese Communist Party" (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency. December 1971. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 31, 2012. Retrieved June 17, 2019.

[8] "China's Xi Names Police Ally to Head Public Security Ministry". Bloomberg News. June 28, 2022. Retrieved November 19, 2023.

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Agency overview
中华人民共和国公安部 Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Gōng'ānbù
Badge of the People's Police (Since 1983)
Ministry of Public Security Headquarters
Formed	1954; 70 years ago (1954)
Preceding agency	Ministry of Public Security of the Central People's Government (1949–1954)
Type	Constituent Department of the State Council (cabinet-level), National level police and counterintelligence agency
Jurisdiction	Government of China
Headquarters	No. 14 East Chang'an Street, Beijing,100741
Motto	"Be loyal to the Party, Serve the People, Be impartial in law enforcement, and strict in discipline"
Employees	1.9 million
Minister responsible	Wang Xiaohong, Commissioner General
Deputy Ministers responsible	Qi Yanjun, Chief of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau Xu Ganlu, Director of National Immigration Administration Xu Datong, Director of Narcotic Control Bureau (China)\|Narcotic Control Bureau Wang Zhizhong, Intelligence Director Chen Siyuan, Director of First Bureau Sun Maoli, Director of 18th Bureau
Agency executives	Ren Airong, Leader of the Discipline Inspection & Supervision Team Dispatched from the CCDI & the NSC Feng Yan, Politics Supervisor Chen Siyuan, the Assistant to the Minister
Parent department	Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission Central National Security Commission
Parent agency	State Council
Child agencies	People's Police of China National Immigration Administration (NIA) China Immigration Inspection (CII) China National Central Bureau of Interpol Qincheng Prison
Website	www.mps.gov.cn