Mongol invasions of India

Mongol invasions of India
Part of the Mongol invasions and conquests
Date 24 November 1221-1327 Location Modern-day Pakistan; Multan; Beas River; Punjab; Kili; Delhi; Amroha; Ravi River Result Delhi Sultanate victory Mongol forces expelled from the Indian Subcontinent
Belligerents
Mongol Empire Chagatai Khanate Qara'unas	Delhi Sultanate
Commanders and leaders
Qutlugh Khwaja (DOW) Ali beg † Tartaq † Taraghai Kopek Hiljak Iqbalmand Abdullah son of Hulagu Khan[1] Targhi Saldi Zulju Tarmashirin Ghazan Khan	Ghiyas ud din Balban Jalal-ud-Din Khalji Alauddin Khalji Zafar Khan † Malik Kafur Ulugh Khan Nusrat Khan Jalesari Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
Casualties and losses
100,000-350,000 Killed 20,000 Captured	Unknown but smaller

The Mongol Empire launched numerous invasions into the Indian subcontinent from 1221 to 1327, with many of the later raids made by the Qara'unas of Mongol origin. The Mongols occupied parts of the subcontinent for decades. As the Mongols progressed into the Indian hinterland and reached the outskirts of Delhi, the Delhi Sultanate of India led a campaign against them in which the Mongol army suffered serious defeats.^[2]

Delhi Sultanate officials viewed war with the Mongols as one of the sultan's primary duties. While the sultanate's chroniclers described the conflicts between the pagan Mongols and a monolithic Muslim community in binary terms, with the Delhi Sultanate being an island of Islamic civilization surrounded by heathens to its north and south, it ignored the fact that a large number of the sultanate's elites and monarchs were of Turkic/Mongol ethnicity or had previously served in their armed contingents.^[3]