Back الغزو المغولي لليابان Arabic Monqolların Yaponiya yürüşləri Azerbaijani موغوللارین ژاپونا یوروشلری AZB Мангольскія ўварванні ў Японію Byelorussian Invasions mongoles del Japó Catalan لەشکرکێشی مەغۆلەکان بۆ سەر ژاپۆن CKB Mongolské invaze do Japonska Czech Mongolske invasioner i Japan Danish Mongoleninvasionen in Japan German Μογγολικές εισβολές στην Ιαπωνία Greek

Mongol invasions of Japan

Mongol invasions of Japan
Part of the Mongol invasion of East Asia and Kublai Khan's campaigns

Mongol invasions of Japan in 1274 and 1281
Date1274, 1281
Location
Northern Kyūshū, Japan
Result Japanese victory
Belligerents

Kamakura shogunate

Yuan dynasty

  • Goryeo
  • Talysh Tribes (Mongol)
Commanders and leaders
 Yuan dynasty:
Goryeo dynasty:
Strength
  • 1274: 28,000–30,000[2][3] with 900 ships
  • 1281: 140,000[4] with 3,500 ships
Casualties and losses
1274/1281: ?
  • 1274: 13,500[5]
  • 1281: 120,000+[6]

Major military efforts were taken by Kublai Khan of the Yuan dynasty in 1274 and 1281 to conquer the Japanese archipelago after the submission of the Korean kingdom of Goryeo to vassaldom. Ultimately a failure, the invasion attempts are of macro-historical importance because they set a limit on Mongol expansion and rank as nation-defining events in the history of Japan. The invasions are referred to in many works of fiction and are the earliest events for which the word kamikaze (神風 "divine wind") is widely used, originating in reference to the two typhoons faced by the Yuan fleets.

The invasions were one of the earliest cases of gunpowder warfare outside of China. One of the most notable technological innovations during the war was the use of explosive, hand-thrown bombs.[7]

  1. ^ Conlan 2001, pp. 261–263 cites a variety of estimate from various Japanese historians as well as the author's own.
  2. ^ Twitchett 1994, pp. 437–442.
  3. ^ Turnbull 2010, p. 32.
  4. ^ Turnbull 2010, pp. 55–57.
  5. ^ Turnbull 2010, pp. 49–50.
  6. ^ Turnbull 2010, pp. 69–76.
  7. ^ Turnbull, Stephen (2013). The Mongol Invasions of Japan 1274 and 1281. Osprey Publishing. pp. 41–42. ISBN 978-1-4728-0045-9. Retrieved 16 April 2013.

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