Murine coronavirus

Murine coronavirus
	Murine coronavirus (MHV) virion electron micrograph, schematic structure, and genome
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Riboviria
Kingdom:	Orthornavirae
Phylum:	Pisuviricota
Class:	Pisoniviricetes
Order:	Nidovirales
Family:	Coronaviridae
Genus:	Betacoronavirus
Subgenus:	Embecovirus
Species:	Murine coronavirus
Strains
	Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), aka murine hepatitis virus; Puffinosis coronavirus; Rat coronavirus;

Murine coronavirus (M-CoV) is a virus in the genus Betacoronavirus that infects mice.^[3] Belonging to the subgenus Embecovirus,^[4] murine coronavirus strains are enterotropic or polytropic. Enterotropic strains include mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) strains D, Y, RI, and DVIM, whereas polytropic strains, such as JHM and A59, primarily cause hepatitis, enteritis, and encephalitis.^[5] Murine coronavirus is an important pathogen in the laboratory mouse and the laboratory rat. It is the most studied coronavirus in animals other than humans, and has been used as an animal disease model for many virological and clinical studies.^[6]

^ ICTV 2nd Report Fenner, F. (1976). Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Second report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Intervirology 7: 1–115. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ICTV%202nd%20Report.pdf
^ ^a ^b ^c de Groot RJ, Ziebuhr J, Poon LL, Woo PC, Talbot P, Rottier PJ, et al. (Coronavirus Study Group) (2009). "Revision of the family Coronaviridae" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). p. 36. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 February 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2020. Species Murine hepatitis virus; Puffinosis coronavirus; Rat coronavirus (these are to be united in a new species Murine coronavirus in a new genus Betacoronavirus)
^ Otto GM, Franklin CL, Clifford CB (2015). "Biology and Diseases of Rats". Laboratory Animal Medicine. Elsevier. pp. 151–207. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409527-4.00004-3. ISBN 978-0-12-409527-4. PMC 7158576.
^ So RT, Chu DK, Miguel E, Perera RA, Oladipo JO, Fassi-Fihri O, Aylet G, Ko RL, Zhou Z, Cheng MS, Kuranga SA, Roger FL, Chevalier V, Webby RJ, Woo PC, Poon LL, Peiris M (December 2019). "Diversity of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus HKU23 in African Camels Revealed Multiple Recombination Events among Closely Related Betacoronaviruses of the Subgenus Embecovirus". Journal of Virology. 93 (23). doi:10.1128/JVI.01236-19. PMC 6854494. PMID 31534035.
^ Kyuwa S, Sugiura Y (October 2020). "Role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and interferon-γ in coronavirus infection: Lessons from murine coronavirus infections in mice". The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 82 (10): 1410–1414. doi:10.1292/jvms.20-0313. PMC 7653326. PMID 32759577.
^ Körner RW, Majjouti M, Alcazar MA, Mahabir E (August 2020). "Of Mice and Men: The Coronavirus MHV and Mouse Models as a Translational Approach to Understand SARS-CoV-2". Viruses. 12 (8): 880. doi:10.3390/v12080880. PMC 7471983. PMID 32806708.

[1] ICTV 2nd Report Fenner, F. (1976). Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Second report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Intervirology 7: 1–115. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ICTV%202nd%20Report.pdf

[2008.121V-2] Groot RJ, Ziebuhr J, Poon LL, Woo PC, Talbot P, Rottier PJ, et al. (Coronavirus Study Group) (2009). "Revision of the family Coronaviridae" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). p. 36. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 February 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2020. Species Murine hepatitis virus; Puffinosis coronavirus; Rat coronavirus (these are to be united in a new species Murine coronavirus in a new genus Betacoronavirus)

[OttoFranklin2015-3] Otto GM, Franklin CL, Clifford CB (2015). "Biology and Diseases of Rats". Laboratory Animal Medicine. Elsevier. pp. 151–207. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409527-4.00004-3. ISBN 978-0-12-409527-4. PMC 7158576.

[pmid31534035-4] So RT, Chu DK, Miguel E, Perera RA, Oladipo JO, Fassi-Fihri O, Aylet G, Ko RL, Zhou Z, Cheng MS, Kuranga SA, Roger FL, Chevalier V, Webby RJ, Woo PC, Poon LL, Peiris M (December 2019). "Diversity of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus HKU23 in African Camels Revealed Multiple Recombination Events among Closely Related Betacoronaviruses of the Subgenus Embecovirus". Journal of Virology. 93 (23). doi:10.1128/JVI.01236-19. PMC 6854494. PMID 31534035.

[pmid32759577-5] Kyuwa S, Sugiura Y (October 2020). "Role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and interferon-γ in coronavirus infection: Lessons from murine coronavirus infections in mice". The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 82 (10): 1410–1414. doi:10.1292/jvms.20-0313. PMC 7653326. PMID 32759577.

[pmid32806708-6] Körner RW, Majjouti M, Alcazar MA, Mahabir E (August 2020). "Of Mice and Men: The Coronavirus MHV and Mouse Models as a Translational Approach to Understand SARS-CoV-2". Viruses. 12 (8): 880. doi:10.3390/v12080880. PMC 7471983. PMID 32806708.

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