Nahuan languages

Nahuan
Aztecan
Region	El Salvador and Mexico: México (state), Distrito Federal, Puebla, Veracruz, Hidalgo, Guerrero, Morelos, San Luis Potosi, Oaxaca, Michoacán and Durango
Language family	Uto-Aztecan Nahuan
Official status
Regulated by	Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas
Language codes
ISO 639-2	nah
ISO 639-3	Variously: nhn – Central Nahuatl nch – Central Huasteca Nahuatl ncx – Central Puebla Nahuatl nci – Classical Nahuatl naz – Coatepec Nahuatl azd – Eastern Durango Nahuatl nhe – Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl ngu – Guerrero Nahuatl azz – Highland Puebla Nahuatl nhq – Huaxcaleca Nahuatl nhk – Isthmus-Cosoleacaque Nahuatl nhx – Isthmus-Mecayapan Nahuatl nhp – Isthmus-Pajapan Nahuatl ncl – Michoacán Nahuatl nhm – Morelos Nahuatl nhy – Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl ncj – Northern Puebla Nahuatl nht – Ometepec Nahuatl nlv – Orizaba Nahuatl ppl – Pipil xpo – Pochutec nhz – Santa María la Alta Nahuatl nsu – Sierra Negra Nahuatl npl – Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl nhc – Tabasco Nahuatl nhv – Temascaltepec Nahuatl nhi – Tenango Nahuatl nhg – Tetelcingo Nahuatl nuz – Tlamacazapa Nahuatl azn – Western Durango Nahuatl nhw – Western Huasteca Nahuatl
Glottolog	azte1234
Map showing the areas of Mexico where Nahuatl dialects are spoken today (red) and where it is known to have been spoken historically (green)[1]

The Nahuan or Aztecan languages are those languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family that have undergone a sound change, known as Whorf's law, that changed an original *t to /tɬ/ before *a.^[2] Subsequently, some Nahuan languages have changed this /tɬ/ to /l/ or back to /t/, but it can still be seen that the language went through a /tɬ/ stage.^[3] The best known Nahuan language is Nahuatl. Nahuatl is spoken by about 1.7 million Nahua peoples.^[4]

Some authorities, such as the Mexican government, Ethnologue, and Glottolog, consider the varieties of modern Nahuatl to be distinct languages, because they are often mutually unintelligible, their grammars differ and their speakers have distinct ethnic identities. As of 2008, the Mexican government recognizes thirty varieties that are spoken in Mexico as languages (see the list below).

Researchers distinguish between several dialect areas that each have a number of shared features: One classification scheme distinguishes innovative central dialects, spoken around Mexico City, from conservative peripheral ones spoken north, south and east of the central area, while another scheme distinguishes a basic split between western and eastern dialects. Nahuan languages include not just varieties known as Nahuatl, but also Pipil and the extinct Pochutec language.