Neonatal diabetes

Neonatal diabetes
Neonatal diabetes
	Neonatal infant

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a disease that affects an infant and their body's ability to produce or use insulin. NDM is a kind of diabetes that is monogenic (regulated by a single gene) and arises in the first 6 months of life. Infants do not produce enough insulin, leading to an increase in glucose accumulation. It is a rare disease, occurring in only one in 100,000 to 500,000 live births.^[1] NDM can be mistaken for the much more common type 1 diabetes, but type 1 diabetes usually occurs later than the first 6 months of life. There are two types of NDM: permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM), a lifelong condition, and transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM), a form of diabetes that disappears during the infant stage but may reappear later in life.^[1]

Specific genes that can cause NDM have been identified.^[2] The onset of NDM can be caused by abnormal pancreatic development, beta cell dysfunction or accelerated beta cell dysfunction.^[3] Along with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), NDM is a form of monogenic diabetes. Individuals with monogenic diabetes can pass it on to their children or future generations. Each gene associated with NDM has a different inheritance pattern.

^ ^a ^b "Monogenic Forms of Diabetes | NIDDK". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Retrieved 2017-11-05.
^ Monogenic Forms of Diabetes: Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young Archived 2015-04-19 at the Wayback Machine at National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health. NIH Publication No. 07–6141. March 2007. Copyright cite: This publication is not copyrighted.
^ "Neonatal diabetes - Other types of diabetes mellitus - Diapedia, The Living Textbook of Diabetes". www.diapedia.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-13. Retrieved 2017-11-06.

[:0-1] "Monogenic Forms of Diabetes | NIDDK". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Retrieved 2017-11-05.

[ndic-2] Monogenic Forms of Diabetes: Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young Archived 2015-04-19 at the Wayback Machine at National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health. NIH Publication No. 07–6141. March 2007. Copyright cite: This publication is not copyrighted.

[3] "Neonatal diabetes - Other types of diabetes mellitus - Diapedia, The Living Textbook of Diabetes". www.diapedia.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-13. Retrieved 2017-11-06.

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