Neutrophil elastase

ELANE
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1B0F, 1H1B, 1HNE, 1PPF, 1PPG, 2RG3, 2Z7F, 3Q76, 3Q77, 4NZL, 4WVP, 5A09, 5A0A, 5A0B, 5A0C, 5ABW
Identifiers
Aliases	ELANE, ELA2, GE, HLE, HNE, NE, PMN-E, SCN1, elastase, neutrophil expressed
External IDs	OMIM: 130130; MGI: 2679229; HomoloGene: 20455; GeneCards: ELANE; OMA:ELANE - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19p13.3 Start 851,014 bp[1] End 856,247 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10 C1|10 39.72 cM Start 79,722,081 bp[2] End 79,724,049 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in bone marrow bone marrow cells monocyte blood spleen granulocyte right lung apex of heart gastric mucosa upper lobe of left lung Top expressed in tibiofemoral joint granulocyte fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell body of femur bone marrow ankle joint Ileal epithelium spleen ankle olfactory epithelium More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transcription corepressor activity heparin binding endopeptidase activity protease binding peptidase activity protein binding serine-type peptidase activity hydrolase activity cytokine binding serine-type endopeptidase activity Cellular component cytoplasm transcription repressor complex secretory granule extracellular region cell surface extracellular exosome extracellular space azurophil granule lumen specific granule lumen collagen-containing extracellular matrix Biological process response to yeast positive regulation of MAP kinase activity negative regulation of chemotaxis cellular calcium ion homeostasis extracellular matrix disassembly acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II defense response to fungus proteolysis response to lipopolysaccharide positive regulation of immune response protein catabolic process defense response to bacterium phagocytosis neutrophil-mediated killing of fungus negative regulation of inflammatory response response to UV leukocyte migration positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response positive regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling antimicrobial humoral response neutrophil degranulation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1991 50701 Ensembl ENSG00000277571 ENSG00000197561 ENSMUSG00000020125 UniProt P08246 Q3UP87 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001972 NM_015779 RefSeq (protein) NP_001963 NP_056594 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 0.85 – 0.86 Mb Chr 10: 79.72 – 79.72 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Neutrophil elastase (EC 3.4.21.37, leukocyte elastase, ELANE, ELA2, elastase 2, neutrophil, elaszym, serine elastase, subtype human leukocyte elastase (HLE)) is a serine proteinase in the same family as chymotrypsin and has broad substrate specificity. Neutrophil elastase is secreted by neutrophils during inflammation, and destroys bacteria and host tissue.^[5] It also localizes to neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), via its high affinity for DNA, an unusual property for serine proteases.^[6]

As with other serine proteinases it contains a charge relay system composed of the catalytic triad of histidine, aspartate, and serine residues that are dispersed throughout the primary sequence of the polypeptide but that are brought together in the three dimensional conformation of the folded protein. The gene encoding neutrophil elastase, ELA2, consists of five exons. Neutrophil elastase is closely related to other cytotoxic immune serine proteases, such as the granzymes and cathepsin G. It is more distantly related to the digestive CELA1.^[6]

The neutrophil form of elastase (EC 3.4.21.37) is 218 amino acids long, with two asparagine-linked carbohydrate chains (see glycosylation). It is present in azurophil granules in the neutrophil cytoplasm. There appear to be two forms of neutrophil elastase, termed IIa and IIb.