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Nordic Resistance Movement

Nordic Resistance Movement
FounderKlas Lund (SWE)
Haakon Forwald (NOR)
Esa Henrik Holappa (FIN)
LeaderFredrik Vejdeland[2] (SWE)
Tommy Olsen (NOR)[3]
Antti Niemi (FIN)
Jacob Vullum Andersen (DEN)
Ríkharður Leó Magnússon (ISL)
Foundation1997 (Sweden)
1998 (Norway)
2006 or 2007 (Finland)
2016 (Iceland)
2017 (Denmark)
NewspaperMusta Kivi, Kansallinen Vastarinta (FIN)
Nationellt Motstånd (SWE)
Ideology
Political positionFar-right[4]
Status
  • Active
AlliesAlliance - Alternative for Norway[16]
Atomwaffen Division[14]
Azov Battalion[17]
CasaPound
National Action
Russian Imperial Movement
Order of Nine Angles[4]
Third Way[17]
Golden Dawn
Rusich Group
Designated as a terrorist group by
Flag
Websitenordicresistancemovement.org (English website)
motståndsrörelsen.se (Swedish website)
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The Nordic Resistance Movement[Note 1] is a pan-Nordic[20][21] neo-Nazi[22][23][24] movement in the Nordic countries and a political party in Sweden. Besides Sweden, it is established in Norway, Denmark and Iceland, and formerly in Finland before it was banned in 2019. Terrorism expert Magnus Ranstorp has described the NRM as a terrorist organization due to their aim of abolishing democracy along with their paramilitary activities and weapons caches.[25] In 2022, some members of the United States Congress began calling for the organization to be added to the United States Department of State list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations.[26][27][28] On 14 June 2024, the United States Department of State designated NRM and its leaders as Specially Designated Global Terrorists (SDGT).[29][30][31]

  1. ^ Holmqvist, Simon (6 June 2017). "Nationaldagsreflektion: Vilken fana ska vi samlas under?". www.nordfront.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  2. ^ "Det sjunkande skeppet NMR får ny kapten". 29 February 2024.
  3. ^ Kenes, Bulent (28 April 2021). "NMR: A Nordic neo-Nazi organization with aims of establishing totalitarian rule across Scandinavia". European Center for Populism Studies. Retrieved 29 September 2022. Tommy Olsen assumed leadership after Forwald left to join Klas Lund's Nordic Strength in 2019...Led by Ríkharður Leó Magnússon, NMR Iceland held its first demonstration in Reykjavik in September 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d Upchurch, H. E. (22 December 2021). Cruickshank, Paul; Hummel, Kristina (eds.). "The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the "Skull Mask" Neo-Fascist Network" (PDF). CTC Sentinel. 14 (10). West Point, New York: Combating Terrorism Center: 27–37. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022. Finally, the Nordic Resistance Movement also has a long history with O9A that predates its ties to Iron March. Haakon Forwald, head of the Norwegian branch from 2010 to 2019, was a devotee of a Scandinavian O9A current variously known as the Misanthropic Luciferian Order, the Temple of Black Light, and Current 218. The magazine of the Finnish branch of the Nordic Resistance Movement featured articles on O9A spiritual practices and on the work of Kerry Bolton of the Black Order
  5. ^ "Nazister döms till fängelse för bombdåden i Göteborg". aftonbladet.se (in Swedish). Gothenburg: Aftonbladet. 7 July 2017. Archived from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
  6. ^ "Nazister vill frikännas efter bombdomarna". gp.se (in Swedish). Gothenburg: Göteborgs-Posten. 28 July 2017. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
  7. ^ [4][5][6]
  8. ^ "How the expansion of the European Union has facilitated the rise of the New Right in Austria and the United Kingdom". thesydneytory.com. The Sydney Tory. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
  9. ^ "Neo-Nazi organization to march in Fredrikstad - Norway Today". 30 April 2017. Archived from the original on 3 December 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  10. ^ "Extremister hot mot individer". SVT Nyheter (in Swedish). Västernorrland County: Sveriges Television. 7 July 2009. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference irredentism was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ "The case against the Nordic Resistance Movement in Finland: an overview and some explanations". University of Oslo Center for Research on Extremism. Retrieved 2 November 2020. It is notable however, that some NRM activists have reasoned that only radical measures will be effective post-ban, thus coming to support e.g. the accelerationist model of activity. Certain members of the group have also appeared as contributors to publications that promote esoteric forms of neo-Nazism. A corresponding shift towards a more "cultic" direction has also been observed in the United Kingdom after the banning of the National Action (NA).
  13. ^ "The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the "Skull Mask" Neo-Fascist Network". Combating Terrorism Center at West Point. 22 December 2021. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021. Finally, the Nordic Resistance Movement also has a long history with O9A that predates its ties to Iron March. Haakon Forwald, head of the Norwegian branch from 2010 to 2019, was a devotee of a Scandinavian O9A current variously known as the Misanthropic Luciferian Order, the Temple of Black Light, and Current 218. The magazine of the Finnish branch of the Nordic Resistance Movement featured articles on O9A spiritual practices and on the work of Kerry Bolton of the Black Order.
  14. ^ a b "Dangerous Organizations and Bad Actors: Nordic Resistance Movement". Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey. 19 November 2022. Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM) is a neofascist and accelerationist organization with a strong propensity for violence...NRM is a neofascist organization with a propensity towards accelerationist tactics. While upholding traditional facets of neofascism, including the goal of establishing a white Nordic ethnostate, NRM's history also points to widespread support for other openly accelerationist organizations and simultaneous endorsements from explicitly accelerationist organizations and networks like the Iron March forum...NRM publicly supports a number of openly militant accelerationist organizations, including Atomwaffen Division (AWD) and Russian Imperial Movement (RIM).
  15. ^ [12][13][14]
  16. ^ "Alliansen – alternativ for Norge". Antirasistisk Senter (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 June 2022.
  17. ^ a b Potter, Nicholas (6 January 2021) "The Pan-European "Ikea Fascism" of Nordiska Motståndsrörelsen" Archived 13 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine Belltower.News "Internationally, the Nordic Resistance Movement is extremely well connected: According to the broadcaster Yle, between 2011 and 2017, around 20 members of the movement were users of the international neo-Nazi forum Iron March. Here, the NMR came into contact with neo-Nazi parties such as Chrysi Avgi (Golden Dawn) in Greece and Casa Pound in Italy, but also with far-right terrorist groups such as the now-banned National Action in the United Kingdom.> In 2015, members of National Action visited the Finnish chapter of NMR. In a blog entry on the British terror group’s website, which has since been taken offline, the head of National Action, Benjamin Raymond, describes a lengthy stay in Finland: He stayed in one of the movement’s shared apartments, gave a speech at Koti, which since 2012 has been the headquarters of the Finnish NMR in the city of Turku, and took part in the group’s hikes. In a photo in Helsinki with members of the NMR, Raymond can be seen posing with an assault rifle. He praises the organisation, discipline and “community feel” of the Swedish and Finnish NMR chapters, as well as mentioning other international comrades from Greece who had also travelled to Finland. The British-Finnish Mikko Vehvilainen, formerly a sergeant in the British Army, has also served as an important link between the two groups: He was a member of National Action and the Finnish NMR before being sentenced to eight years in prison in 2018 for his membership in National Action. The NMR also has links to the Ukrainian Azov Regiment: the far-right podcast “FashCast” published an interview between a member of the Finnish NMR and Olena Semenyaka, the so-called “First Lady” and spokeswoman of the far-right paramilitary volunteer battalion in Ukraine. In the interview, Semenyaka mentions a “foreign legion” in Ukraine that international volunteers could join, as well as military training camps at the Azov camp in eastern Ukraine. A delegation of the Finnish NMR visited the Azov Regiment in Kyiv in 2019...In Germany, the neo-Nazi party Der III. Weg (The Third Way) is an important partner for the NMR. Members of the NMR have visited their far-right friends in Germany several times: At a demo of Der III. Weg in the Berlin district of Hohenschönhausen on October 3, 2020, Fredrik Vejdeland, a leading figure of the Swedish chapter, gave a speech in German. In Würzburg in 2017, NMR leader Simon Lindberg spoke at one of the party’s demonstrations."
  18. ^ Goldman, Adam (14 June 2024). "U.S. Designates Largest Neo-Nazi Group in Sweden as Terrorist Organization". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. OCLC 1645522. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference Ban was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ Askanius, Tina (29 April 2021). "Women in the Nordic Resistance Movement and their online media practices: between internalised misogyny and "embedded feminism"". Feminist Media Studies. 22 (7): 1763–1780. doi:10.1080/14680777.2021.1916772. ISSN 1468-0777. ...the Nordic Resistance Movement—a pan-Nordic organisation with chapters in Finland, Denmark, Norway and Iceland.
  21. ^ Fontaine, Andie Sophia (4 August 2016). "Swedish Neo-Nazis Come To Iceland, Seeking Recruits". The Reykjavík Grapevine. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2021. ...the NRM, which seeks to form a pan-Nordic state...
  22. ^ Askanius, Tina (1 February 2021). "On Frogs, Monkeys, and Execution Memes: Exploring the Humor-Hate Nexus at the Intersection of Neo-Nazi and Alt-Right Movements in Sweden". Television & New Media. 22 (2): 147–165. doi:10.1177/1527476420982234. ISSN 1527-4764. ...the neo-Nazi organization the Nordic Resistance Movement in Sweden...
  23. ^ "Finnish court bans neo-Nazi group". Reuters. 30 November 2017. Archived from the original on 30 November 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2021. A Finnish court banned neo-Nazi group the Nordic Resistance Movement (PVL) on Thursday...
  24. ^ Harkov, Lahav; Joffre, Tzvi (5 October 2020). "Sweden may ban 'racist organizations' after neo-Nazi Yom Kippur campaign". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 15 May 2021. The Nordic Resistance Movement, a neo-Nazi group, targeted Jews in Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Iceland with antisemitic harassment during the week before Yom Kippur.
  25. ^ Ankersen, Dag (4 May 2017). "Terrorforskare: "NMR definitivt en terrorgrupp"" [Terrorist researcher: "NMR definitely a terrorist group"]. ETC (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 4 May 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  26. ^ "Biden administration pressed by lawmaker to label white supremacists overseas as terrorists". Reuters. 9 March 2022.
  27. ^ "Neo-Nazis Must Go On Terror Blacklist, House Democrats Demand". The Forward. 9 March 2022.
  28. ^ Solberg, Trine (19 October 2019). "Amerikanske demokrater vil ha Den nordiske motstandsbevegelsen på terrorliste" [American Democrats want the Nordic Resistance Movement on the terrorist list]. Nettavisen (in Norwegian). Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  29. ^ "Counter Terrorism Designations; West Bank-related Designation; Issuance of Amended Frequently Asked Questions". Office of Foreign Assets Control. 14 June 2024.
  30. ^ "Terrorist Designations of Nordic Resistance Movement and Three Leaders". state.gov. 14 June 2024. Today, the Department of State is designating Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM) as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist (SDGT) pursuant to Executive Order (E.O.) 13224, as amended.
  31. ^ Bergkvist, Frida (14 June 2024). "USA terrorstämplar nazistiska NMR". DN.se (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 14 June 2024. Retrieved 14 June 2024.


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