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| Northern Seven Years' War | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Northern Wars and Livonian War | |||||||||
 Frederick II of Denmark attacking Älvsborg Castle, 1563. | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
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Denmark–Norway Free City of Lübeck Poland–Lithuania[a] | Sweden | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
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Frederick II Daniel Rantzau † Herluf Trolle † Otte Rud † Franz Brockenhuus † Peder Huitfeldt Jacob Brockenhuus Peder Skram Kristoffer Throndsen Hans Lauritsen Bartholomeus Tinnappel Friedrich Knebel Sigismund Augustus |
Eric XIV John III Jakob Bagge Klas Horn Charles de Mornay Claude Collart Bo Birgersson Grip † Jakob Hästesko | ||||||||
The Northern Seven Years' War (also known as the Nordic Seven Years' War, the First Northern War, the Seven Years' War of the North or the Seven Years War in Scandinavia) was fought between the Kingdom of Sweden and a coalition of Denmark–Norway, Lübeck, and Poland–Lithuania between 1563 and 1570. The war was motivated by the dissatisfaction of King Frederick II of Denmark with the dissolution of the Kalmar Union, and the will of King Eric XIV of Sweden to break Denmark's dominating position. The fighting continued until both armies had been exhausted, and many men died. The resulting Treaty of Stettin was a stalemate, with neither party gaining any new territory.
- ^ Lukowski, Jerzy; Zawadzki, Hubert (2001). A Concise History of Poland (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 63–64. ISBN 9780521559171.
- ^ Sundberg, Ulf (2002). Svenska krig 1521-1814 (in Swedish) (2nd ed.). Stockholm: Hjalmarson & Högberg. p. 65. ISBN 9789189080140.
- ^ R. Nisbet Bain, Scandinavia: A Political History of Denmark, Norway and Sweden from 1513 to 1900, 2006 [1905], p. 83, ISBN 0-543-93900-6, ISBN 978-0-543-93900-5
- ^ Eriksson, Bo (2007). Lützen 1632 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedts Pocket. p. 50. ISBN 978-91-7263-790-0.
- ^ Nordstrom, Byron J. (2000). Scandinavia Since 1500, p. 36, ISBN 0-8166-2098-9, ISBN 978-0-8166-2098-2
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