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Nymphaeales

Nymphaeales
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous - Recent
Trithuria submersa
Barclaya longifolia
Euryale ferox
Nuphar lutea
Victoria boliviana
Brasenia schreberi
Cabomba aquatica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Salisb. ex Bercht. & J.Presl[1]
Families[2]

Cabombaceae Rich. ex A.Rich.
Hydatellaceae U.Hamann
Nymphaeaceae Salisb.

Synonyms[3]
List
  • Barclayales Doweld
  • Cabombales Richard
  • Euryalales H. L. Li
  • Hydatellales Reveal & Doweld
  • Hydropeltidales Spenner
  • Hydatellanae Reveal
  • Nymphaeanae Reveal
  • Hydatellidae Doweld
  • Nymphaeidae Takhtajan
  • Hydropeltopsida Bartling
  • Nymphaeopsida Horaninow

The Nymphaeales are an order of flowering plants, consisting of three families of aquatic plants, the Hydatellaceae, the Cabombaceae, and the Nymphaeaceae (water lilies). It is one of the three orders of basal angiosperms, an early-diverging grade of flowering plants. At least 10 morphological characters unite the Nymphaeales.[3] One of the traits is the absence of a vascular cambium, which is required to produce both xylem (wood) and phloem, which therefore are missing.[4] Molecular synapomorphies are also known.

The Plant List, created by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden recognizes about 70 species in 11 genera within the order,[5] but a phylogenetic study of the genus Nymphaea implies that the number of species could be more than 90.[6] The difference in species numbers is due almost entirely to the difficulty of delineating species in the genus Nymphaea.

All of the species are rhizomatous aquatic herbs with a broad leaf base and large, showy flowers.

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference APG3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Xiong, X., Zhang, J., Yang, Y., Chen, Y., Su, Q., Zhao, Y., ... & Chen, F. (2023). "Water lily research: Past, present, and future." Tropical Plants, 2(1), 1-8.
  3. ^ a b Peter F. Stevens. 2001 onwards. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see External links below).
  4. ^ Water lily ( Nymphaea thermarum) genome reveals variable genomic signatures of ancient vascular cambium losses | bioRxiv
  5. ^ The Plant List (website). 2010. (See External links below.)
  6. ^ Borsch, Thomas; Löhne, Cornelia; Samba Mbaye, Mame; Wiersema, John H. (2011). "Towards a complete species tree of Nymphaea: shedding further light on subg. Brachyceras and its relationships to the Australian water-lilies". Telopea. 13 (1–2): 193–217. doi:10.7751/telopea20116014.

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