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Oak Ridge, Tennessee

For the unincorporated community in middle Tennessee, see Oakridge, Montgomery County, Tennessee.
Oak Ridge, Tennessee
City
Images, from top down, left to right: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Commemorative Walk monument, Y-12 National Security Complex, Melton Hill Lake, American Museum of Science and Energy, International Friendship Bell, The Chapel on the Hill
Flag of Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Flag
Official seal of Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Seal
Official logo of Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Logo
Nickname(s): 
The Atomic City,
The Secret City,
The City Behind a Fence[1]
Motto: 
"The Vision Lives On"
Location of Oak Ridge in Anderson and Roane Counties, Tennessee.
Location of Oak Ridge in Anderson and Roane Counties, Tennessee.
Coordinates: 36°0′37″N 84°16′11″W / 36.01028°N 84.26972°W / 36.01028; -84.26972
CountryUnited States
StateTennessee
CountiesAnderson, Roane
Established1942
Incorporated1959
Government
[4]
 • TypeCouncil-manager (under home-rule charter)
 • MayorWarren Gooch (D[2])[a]
 • City ManagerRandall Hemann
 • City Council
List of Councilmembers
Area
[5]
 • Total89.95 sq mi (232.98 km2)
 • Land85.25 sq mi (220.80 km2)
 • Water4.70 sq mi (12.18 km2)
 • Rank134th US
Elevation
[6]
850 ft (260 m)
Population
 (2020)[7]
 • Total31,402
 • Density368.35/sq mi (142.22/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP codes
37830-37831
Area code865
FIPS code47-55120[8]
Websitewww.oakridgetn.gov

Oak Ridge is a city in Anderson and Roane counties in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Tennessee, about 25 miles (40 km) west of downtown Knoxville. Oak Ridge's population was 31,402 at the 2020 census.[9] It is part of the Knoxville Metropolitan Area. Oak Ridge's nicknames include the Atomic City,[10] the Secret City,[11] and the City Behind a Fence.[1]

In 1942,[12] the United States federal government forcibly purchased nearly 60,000 acres (240 km2) of farmland in the Clinch River valley for the development of a planned city supporting 75,000 residents. It was constructed with assistance from architectural and engineering firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, from 1942 to 1943.[13] Oak Ridge was established in 1942 as a production site for the Manhattan Project—the massive American, British, and Canadian operation that developed the atomic bomb. Being the site of Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Y-12 National Security Complex, scientific and technological development still plays a crucial role in the city's economy and culture in general.[14] In 2016, the element tennessine was named for Tennessee, in recognition of the role played by Oak Ridge and other institutions in the state in its discovery.[15]

  1. ^ a b Charles Johnson and Charles Jackson, City Behind a Fence: Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1942–1946 (Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 1981).
  2. ^ "Warren Gooch for Anderson County mayor". Knoxville News Sentinel. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  3. ^ "Tennessee Code 2-13-208 – Municipal elections to be nonpartisan". LawServer.com. Retrieved February 6, 2022.
  4. ^ "Oak Ridge". Municipal Technical Advisory Service. University of Tennessee. Retrieved September 15, 2020.
  5. ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 15, 2022.
  6. ^ a b "Oak Ridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  9. ^ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Oak Ridge city, Tennessee". census.gov. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
  10. ^ Olwell, Russell, At Work in the Atomic City: A Labor and Social History of Oak Ridge, Tennessee (Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2004).
  11. ^ Warren Resen, "The Secret City: Oak Ridge, Tennessee" Archived June 15, 2012, at the Wayback Machine," The Observer News, August 3, 2010. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
  12. ^ "The Atomic City: Why Oak Ridge Was Chosen for the Manhattan Project". Explore Oak Ridge. January 8, 2018. Retrieved August 11, 2022.
  13. ^ Oliver, Mark (July 24, 2019). "Inside The Top-Secret World Of Oak Ridge, The Small Town That Helped Make The Atom Bomb". AllThatsInteresting. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
  14. ^ Johnson, Charles (October 8, 2017). "Oak Ridge". Tennessee Encyclopedia. Tennessee Historical Society. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
  15. ^ "IUPAC Announces the Names of the Elements 113, 115, 117, and 118". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. November 30, 2016. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved July 2, 2019.


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