Oglala are one of the seven subtribes of the Lakota people who, along with the Dakota, make up the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (Seven Council Fires).
Oglala may also refer to:
- Oglala, South Dakota, a town
- Oglala Dam, South Dakota
- Oglala National Grassland, Nebraska
- Ogallala Aquifer, an aquifer or concentration of groundwater in the U.S. Midwest
- USS Oglala (CM-4), a U.S. Navy minelayer sunk in the attack on Pearl Harbor
- Oglala (crater), Mars