Back Organisasie vir Afrika-eenheid Afrikaans የአፍሪቃ አንድነት ድርጅት Amharic منظمة الوحدة الإفريقية Arabic Organización pa la Unidá Africana AST آفریقا بیرلیگی هؤرگوتو AZB Арганізацыя афрыканскага адзінства Byelorussian Организация за африканско единство Bulgarian Organizacija afričkog jedinstva BS Organització per a la Unitat Africana Catalan Organizace africké jednoty Czech
Organisation of African Unity Organisation de l'unité africaine | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1963–2002 | |||||||||||
;_Flag_of_the_African_Union_(2004%E2%80%932010).svg) Flag
| |||||||||||
| Anthem: "Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together" | |||||||||||
 OAU during its foundation | |||||||||||
| Capital | Addis Ababa | ||||||||||
| Secretary-general | |||||||||||
• 1963–1964 | Kifle Wodajo | ||||||||||
• 1964–1972 | Diallo Telli | ||||||||||
• 1972–1974 | Nzo Ekangaki | ||||||||||
• 1974–1978 | William Eteki | ||||||||||
• 1978–1983 | Edem Kodjo | ||||||||||
• 1983–1985 | Peter Onu | ||||||||||
• 1985–1989 | Ide Oumarou | ||||||||||
• 1989–2001 | Salim Ahmed Salim | ||||||||||
• 2001–2002 | Amara Essy | ||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||
• Charter | 25 May[citation needed] 1963 | ||||||||||
• Disbanded | 9 July 2002 | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
a Headquartered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia | |||||||||||
The Organisation of African Unity (OAU; French: Organisation de l'unité africaine, OUA) was an intergovernmental organization established on 25 May 1963 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, with 33 signatory governments.[1][a] The inception of its establishment was the Sanniquellie Pledge at the First West African Summit Conference held at Sanniquellie, Central Province, Nimba County, Liberian hinterland on 15-19 July 1959.[2] President Tubman of Liberia hosted President Touré of Guinea, and Prime Minister Nkrumah of Ghana, and the three pledged to work together for the formation of a “Community of Independent African States.” [3] It was later disbanded on 9 July 2002 by its last chairman, South African President Thabo Mbeki, and replaced by the African Union (AU). Some of the key aims of the OAU were to encourage political and economic integration among member states, and to eradicate colonialism and neo-colonialism from the African continent.[4]
The absence of an armed force like that of the United Nations left the organization with no means to enforce its decisions. It was also not willing to become involved in the internal affairs of member nations prompting some critics to claim the OAU as a forum for rhetoric, not action. Recognizing this, the OAU in September 1999 issued the Sirte Declaration, calling for a new body to take its place. On 9 July 2002, this happened with the creation of the African Union(AU). The African Union continues to this day to uphold many of the founding principles of the OAU.[5]
- ^ "Department of International Relations and Cooperation – South Africa". dfa.gov.za. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
- ^ The First West African Summit Conference: Held at Sanniquellie, Central Province, Liberian hinterland, July 15-19, 1959. The Liberian Information Service. 1959.
- ^ "Special Conferences". International Organization. 16 (2): 444–446. 1962. doi:10.1017/S0020818300011218.
- ^ "African Union (See also – Organization of African Unity (OAU)) Archives". Question of Palestine. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- ^ Beverton, Alys (10 May 2009). "Organization of African Unity (1963–2002)". Retrieved 27 May 2021.
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