Passive income

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (May 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (May 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Passive income is a type of unearned income that is acquired with little to no labor to earn or maintain. It is often combined with another source of income, such as regular employment or a side job.^[1] Passive income, as an acquired income, is typically taxable.

Examples of passive income include rental income and business activities in which the earner does not materially participate. Some jurisdictions' taxing authorities, such as the Internal Revenue Service in the United States, distinguish passive income from other forms of income, such as income from regular or contractual employment, and may tax it differently.

It can take a long period of work and accumulation before passive income can be acquired. Passive income can be a way of creating financial independence and early retirement, because the beneficiary will receive an income regardless of whether they are materially active in the activity creating the revenue.

Passive income can come in the form of a lump sum payment, like an inheritance or proceeds from the sale of an asset such as a home or stock.^[2] It can also be paid out over time, though not necessarily at a regular amount. Some passive incomes may last for several years, or even centuries, across generations. These typically involve appreciating asset classes, such as property, dividends, or debt.

Passive incomes can be used as a tax avoidance scheme. Generally speaking, high-income groups have more diversified sources of revenue and are more able to hide particular sources, and hiding active income as passive income can lead to a lower tax bill.^[3][4] This loophole has resulted in a large amount of "passive income" such as income from property transfer and property leasing, and even "earned income" such as income from non-regularly occurring labor remuneration, which is sometimes taxed at a lower rate. As a result, there is voice from the public that personal tax has been degraded to a "wage tax" aimed at exploited middle income working class. ^{[citation needed]}