Back فيليب شايدمان Arabic فيليب شايدمان ARZ Філіп Шэйдэман Byelorussian Филип Шайдеман Bulgarian Philipp Scheidemann Catalan Philipp Scheidemann Czech Philipp Scheidemann Danish Philipp Scheidemann German Philipp Scheidemann DIQ Φίλιπ Σάιντεμαν Greek
Philipp Scheidemann | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Scheidemann c. 1918 | |
| Minister President of Germany | |
| In office 13 February 1919 – 20 June 1919 | |
| President | Friedrich Ebert |
| Deputy | Eugen Schiffer Bernhard Dernburg |
| Preceded by | Friedrich Ebert (de facto) |
| Succeeded by | Gustav Bauer |
| Mayor of Kassel | |
| In office 19 November 1919 – 1 October 1925 | |
| Preceded by | Erich Koch-Weser |
| Succeeded by | Herbert Stadler |
| Minister for the Colonies | |
| In office 13 December 1918 – 13 February 1919 | |
| Chancellor | Friedrich Ebert |
| Preceded by | Wilhelm Solf |
| Succeeded by | Johannes Bell |
| Staatssekretär without Portfolio | |
| In office 4 October 1918 – 9 November 1918 | |
| Chancellor | Max von Baden |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Leader of the Social Democratic Party | |
| In office 20 October 1917 – 15 June 1919 | |
| Serving with | Friedrich Ebert |
| Preceded by | Hugo Haase |
| Succeeded by | Herman Müller Otto Wels |
| Member of the Reichstag for Hesse-Nassau | |
| In office 6 February 1919 – 22 March 1933 | |
| 1919–1920 | Weimar National Assembly |
| Preceded by | Constituency established |
| Succeeded by | Constituency abolished |
| Member of the Reichstag for Düsseldorf 3 | |
| In office 3 December 1903 – 9 November 1918 | |
| Preceded by | Louis Sabin |
| Succeeded by | Constituency abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Philipp Heinrich Scheidemann 26 July 1865 Kassel, Electorate of Hesse |
| Died | 29 November 1939 (aged 74) Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Political party | SPD (1883–1939) |
| Spouse | Johanna Dibbern |
| Children | Lina Liese Hedwig |
Philipp Heinrich Scheidemann (26 July 1865 – 29 November 1939) was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). In the first quarter of the 20th century he played a leading role in both his party and in the young Weimar Republic. During the German Revolution of 1918–1919 that broke out after Germany's defeat in World War I, Scheidemann proclaimed a German Republic from a balcony of the Reichstag building. In 1919 he was elected Reich Minister President by the National Assembly meeting in Weimar to write a constitution for the republic. He resigned the office the same year due to a lack of unanimity in the cabinet on whether or not to accept the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.
Scheidemann continued to be a member of the Reichstag until 1933 and served as mayor of his native city of Kassel from 1920 to 1925. After Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, he went into exile because he was considered one of the "November criminals" held to be responsible for Germany's defeat in the war and the collapse of the German Empire. While in exile he wrote extensively about German politics. He died in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1939.