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Picea rubens

Red spruce
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Gymnospermae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Picea
Species:
P. rubens
Binomial name
Picea rubens
Synonyms[2]
  • Abies americana K.Koch nom. illeg.
  • Abies rubra (Du Roi) Poir.
  • Picea americana Suringar
  • Picea australis Small
  • Picea nigra var. rubra (Du Roi) Engelm.
  • Picea rubra (Du Roi) Link nom. illeg.
  • Picea rubra var. pendula Carrière
  • Picea rubra var. pusilla Peck
  • Picea rubra var. virgata (Rehder) Rehder
  • Picea rubra f. virgata Rehder
  • Pinus abies var. acutissima Münchh.
  • Pinus americana Gaertn. nom. illeg.
  • Pinus mariana var. rubra Du Roi
  • Pinus rubra (Du Roi) D.Don nom. illeg.
  • Pinus rubra var. violacea Endl.

Picea rubens, commonly known as red spruce, is a species of spruce native to eastern North America, ranging from eastern Quebec and Nova Scotia, west to the Adirondack Mountains and south through New England along the Appalachians to western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee.[3][4][5] This species is also known as yellow spruce, West Virginia spruce, eastern spruce, and he-balsam.[6][7] Red spruce is the provincial tree of Nova Scotia.[4]

  1. ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Picea rubens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42335A2973542. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42335A2973542.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Picea rubens Sarg.". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
  3. ^ Farjon, A. (1990). Pinaceae. Drawings and Descriptions of the Genera. Koeltz Scientific Books ISBN 3-87429-298-3.
  4. ^ a b Taylor, Ronald J. (1993). "Picea rubens". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  5. ^ Earle, Christopher J., ed. (2018). "Picea rubens". The Gymnosperm Database.
  6. ^ Blum, Barton M. (1990). "Picea rubens". In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.). Conifers. Silvics of North America. Vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: United States Forest Service (USFS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) – via Southern Research Station.
  7. ^ Peattie, Donald Culross (1948-01-01). A Natural History of Trees of Eastern and Central North America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 51. ISBN 0-395-58174-5.

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