Politics of Italy

Politics of Italy Sistema politico italiano
Emblem of Italy
Polity type	Unitary parliamentary republic
Constitution	Constitution of Italy
Legislative branch
Name	Parliament
Type	Bicameral
Meeting place	Palazzo Madama Palazzo Montecitorio
Upper house
Name	Senate
Presiding officer	Ignazio La Russa, President of the Senate
Lower house
Name	Chamber of Deputies
Presiding officer	Lorenzo Fontana, President of the Chamber of Deputies
Executive branch
Head of state
Title	President
Currently	Sergio Mattarella
Appointer	Parliament
Head of government
Title	Prime Minister
Currently	Giorgia Meloni
Appointer	President
Cabinet
Name	Council of Ministers
Current cabinet	Meloni Cabinet
Leader	Prime Minister
Appointer	President
Headquarters	Palazzo Chigi
Ministries	21
Judicial branch
Name	Judiciary
Supreme Court of Cassation
Chief judge	Giovanni Mammone
Constitutional Court
Chief judge	Silvana Sciarra

Part of the Politics series
Politics of Italy
Constitution Constitutional laws Lateran Treaty
Head of state President (list) Sergio Mattarella
Executive Prime Minister (list) Giorgia Meloni Council of Ministers Current Cabinet Undersecretaries Ministries
Legislature Parliament (list) Senate of the Republic Chamber of Deputies
Judiciary Constitutional Court Supreme Court of Cassation Court of Assizes Code of Criminal Procedure
Constitutional institutions National Council for Economics and Labour Council of State Court of Audit High Council of the Judiciary High Council of Defence
Constituent entities Regions Aosta Valley Piedmont Lombardy Veneto Trentino-South Tyrol Friuli-Venezia Giulia Emilia-Romagna Liguria Tuscany Umbria Marche Molise Lazio Abruzzo Campania Apulia Basilicata Calabria Sicily Sardinia Provinces Municipalities
Elections, referendums Recent general elections 2006 2008 2013 2018 2022 Recent referendums 2005 (fertility law) 2006 (Constitution) 2009 (electoral law) 2011 (multiple issues) April 2016 (oil drilling) December 2016 (Constitution) 2020 (Constitution) 2022 (multiple issues) Constituencies
Foreign relations United Nations OSCE NATO Council of Europe European Union
Related topics Government (Technocratic) Taxation Gazzetta Ufficiale (government journal)
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The politics of Italy are conducted through a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. Italy has been a democratic republic since 2 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by popular referendum and a constituent assembly, formed by the representatives of all the anti-fascist forces that contributed to the defeat of Nazi and Fascist forces during the liberation of Italy, was elected to draft a constitution, which was promulgated on 1 January 1948.

Executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers, which is led by the Prime Minister, officially referred to as "President of the Council" (Presidente del Consiglio). Legislative power is vested primarily in the two houses of Parliament and secondarily in the Council of Ministers, which can introduce bills and holds the majority in both houses. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislative branches. It is headed by the High Council of the Judiciary, a body presided over by the President, who is the head of state, though this position is separate from all branches. The current president is Sergio Mattarella, and the current prime minister is Giorgia Meloni.

The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Italy as a "flawed democracy" in 2019.^[1] According to the 2023 V-Dem Democracy indices Italy was the 21st most electoral democratic country in the world.^[2] A high degree of fragmentation and instability, leading to often short-lived coalition governments, is characteristic of Italian politics.^[3][4] Since the end of World War II in 1945, Italy has had 69 governments, at an average of one every 1.11 years.^[5]