Polyphosphate

A polyphosphate is a salt or ester of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO₄ (phosphate) structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms. Polyphosphates can adopt linear or a cyclic (also called, ring) structures. In biology, the polyphosphate esters ADP and ATP are involved in energy storage. A variety of polyphosphates find application in mineral sequestration in municipal waters, generally being present at 1 to 5 ppm.^[1] GTP, CTP, and UTP are also nucleotides important in the protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism, respectively. Polyphosphates are also used as food additives, marked E452.

^ Jessen, Henning J.; Dürr-Mayer, Tobias; Haa, Thomas M.; Ripp, Alexander; Cummins, Christopher C. (2021). "Lost in Condensation: Poly-, Cyclo-, and Ultraphosphates". Accounts of Chemical Research. 54 (21): 4036–4050. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00370. PMID 34648267. S2CID 238989161.

[1] Jessen, Henning J.; Dürr-Mayer, Tobias; Haa, Thomas M.; Ripp, Alexander; Cummins, Christopher C. (2021). "Lost in Condensation: Poly-, Cyclo-, and Ultraphosphates". Accounts of Chemical Research. 54 (21): 4036–4050. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00370. PMID 34648267. S2CID 238989161.

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