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In Greek mythology, Praxidice or Praxidike (Ancient Greek: Πραξιδίκη, [praksidíkɛː]) may refer to the following characters:
- Praxidice, goddess of judicial punishment and the exactor of vengeance, which were two closely allied concepts in the classical Greek world-view.
- Praxidice, according to the Orphic Hymn to Persephone, was an epithet of Persephone: "Praxidike, subterranean queen. The Eumenides' source [mother], fair-haired, whose frame proceeds from Zeus' ineffable and secret seeds."[1] As praxis "practice, application" of dike "justice", she is sometimes identified with Dike, goddess of justice.
- Praxidice, according to Stephanus of Byzantium, a daughter of Ogygus named Praxidike, married to Tremiles (after whom Lycia had been previously named Tremile) and had by him four sons: Tlos, Xanthus, Pinarus and Cragus.[2] In one account, all sons were mentioned except Xanthus to be the progeny of Praxidice and Tremilus.[3] Of them, Tlos had a Lycian city named Tlos after himself.[4] Cragus may be identical with the figure of the same name mentioned as the husband of Milye, sister of Solymus.[5]
The plural Praxidicae (Ancient Greek: Πραξιδίκαι, Praxidikai) refers to the following groups of mythological figures who presided over exacting of justice:
- Arete and Homonoia, daughters of Praxidice and Soter, sisters to Ktesios.[6]
- Alalcomenia, Thelxionoea and Aulis, daughters of the early Boeotian king Ogyges.[6] At Haliartos in Boeotia, Pausanias saw the open-air "sanctuary of the goddesses whom they call Praxidikae. Here the Haliartians swear, but the oath is not one they take lightly".[7] Their images only portrayed their heads, and only heads of animals were sacrificed to them.[8]
- ^ Orphic Hymn to Persephone 29
- ^ Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Tremilē (quoting a poem by Panyassis)
- ^ Tituli Asiae Minoris 2.174, A.16–B2 (Greek text)
- ^ Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Tlōs
- ^ Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Milyai
- ^ a b Suda s.v. Praxidike
- ^ Pausanias, 9.33.3.
- ^ William Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, v. 3, page 517 Archived 2011-09-04 at the Wayback Machine