Pre-Columbian Peru

Part of a series on the
History of Peru
By chronology Pre-Columbian Peru 12000 BCE–1532 Ancient civilizations 3500 BCE–1470 Inca Empire 1438–1533/1572 Spanish conquest 1532–1572 Viceroyalty 1542–1824 War of Independence 1809–1826 Foundational Period 1821–1842 Protectorate of Peru 1821–1822 Supreme Governing Junta 1822–1823 Confederation and War 1836–1839 Restoration 1839–1841 Military Anarchy 1841–1845 Guano Era 1845–1866 Chincha Islands War 1865–1879 War of the Pacific 1879–1883 Occupation of Peru 1879–1883 Occupation of Lima 1881–1883 Peruvian Resistance 1881–1883 National Reconstruction 1884–1895 Aristocratic Republic 1895–1919 New Motherland 1919–1930 Ecuadorian–Peruvian War 1941 Odría Dictatorship 1948–1956 Moderate civil reform 1956–1968 Revolutionary Government 1968–1980 Return to democracy and terrorism 1980–2000 Internal conflict 1980–2000, 2002– Economic crisis 1980s Peruvian political crisis 2016–
By political entity History of the Inca Empire History of the Viceroyalty of Peru History of the Republic of Peru
By topic Demographic history Economic history Constitutional history Peruvian wars
See also Timeline Years in Peru Coups d'état
Peru portal
v t e

Peruvian territory was inhabited 14,000 years ago by hunters and gatherers. Subsequent developments include the appearance of sedentary communities that developed agriculture and irrigation, and the emergence of complex socio-political hierarchies that created sophisticated civilizations, technology and monumental construction.