| Ralstonia pickettii | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Betaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Burkholderiales |
| Family: | Burkholderiaceae |
| Genus: | Ralstonia |
| Species: | R. pickettii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Ralstonia pickettii (Ralston et al. 1973)
Yabuuchi et al. 1996 | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Burkholderia pickettii (Ralston et al. 1973) Yabuuchi et al. 1993[1] | |
Ralstonia pickettii is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, soil bacterium.[2]
Ralstonia pickettii is a Betaproteobacteria species found in moist environments such as soils, rivers, and lakes. It has also been identified in biofilms in plastic water pipes. It is an oligotrophic organism, making it capable of surviving in areas with a very low concentration of nutrients. Several strains have shown an ability to survive in environments highly contaminated with metals. The ability to persist in these harsh conditions makes R. pickettii a candidate for bioremediation.[3]
Ralstonia pickettii and R. insidiosa are emerging pathogens in hospital settings.[4] R. pickettii pathology does not follow an easy definition. Several hospitals have reported outbreaks—in particular, patients with cystic fibrosis and Crohn's disease have been shown to be infected with R. picketti. Of the 55 reported cases of such infection, the majority are due to contaminated solutions such as water, saline, and sterile drugs.[5] These solutions are usually contaminated when the product is manufactured, because R. pickettii has the ability to pass through 0.45 and 0.2 μm filters that are used to sterilize medicinal products. An outbreak of R. pickettii at a hospital in Queensland, Australia was reported in November 2023, and it is suspected to have caused the death of one patient through contaminated saline.
The majority of R. pickettii and R. insidiosa isolates showed susceptibility to most of the antibiotics tested.[6] The most effective were found to be the quinolones and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The two bacterial species can be difficult to tell apart.[7][8]
- ^ "Genus Burkholderia". List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
- ^ Yabuuchi, E; Kosako, Y; Yano, I; Hotta, H; Nishiuchi, Y (1995). "Transfer of two Burkholderia and an Alcaligenes species To ralstonia gen. nov.: Proposal of Ralstonia pickettii (Ralston, Palleroni and Doudoroff 1973) comb. Nov., Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith 1896) comb. Nov. And Ralstonia eutropha (Davis 1969) comb. Nov". Microbiology and Immunology. 39 (11): 897–904. doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1995.tb03275.x. PMID 8657018.
- ^ Ryan, M.P.; Pembroke, J.T.; Adley, C.C. (October 2007). "Ralstonia pickettii in environmental biotechnology: potential and applications". Journal of Applied Microbiology. 103 (4): 754–764. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03361.x. PMID 17897177. S2CID 23670887.
- ^ Ryan, M. P.; Adley, C. C. (March 2014). "Ralstonia spp.: emerging global opportunistic pathogens". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 33 (3): 291–304. doi:10.1007/s10096-013-1975-9. ISSN 0934-9723. PMID 24057141. S2CID 254130130.
- ^ Ryan, M; Pembroke, J; Adley, C (March 2006). "Ralstonia pickettii: a persistent Gram-negative nosocomial infectious organism". Journal of Hospital Infection. 62 (3): 278–284. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2005.08.015. PMID 16337309.
- ^ Ryan, MP; Adley, CC (Jul 2013). "The antibiotic susceptibility of water-based bacteria Ralstonia pickettii and Ralstonia insidiosa". J Med Microbiol. 62 (7): 1025–31. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.054759-0. PMID 23579396.
- ^ Ryan, M. P.; Pembroke, J. T.; Adley, C. C. (2011-10-01). "Differentiating the growing nosocomial infectious threats Ralstonia pickettii and Ralstonia insidiosa". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 30 (10): 1245–1247. doi:10.1007/s10096-011-1219-9. ISSN 1435-4373. PMID 21461848. S2CID 10657717.
- ^ Ryan, Michael P; Pembroke, J Tony; Adley, Catherine C (2011). "Genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Ralstonia pickettii and Ralstonia insidiosa isolates from clinical and environmental sources including High-purity Water. Diversity in Ralstonia pickettii". BMC Microbiology. 11 (1): 194. doi:10.1186/1471-2180-11-194. ISSN 1471-2180. PMC 3175462. PMID 21878094.