Resistance during World War II

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World War II Resistance during World War II Albania Albanian resistance National Liberation Movement Austria Austrian resistance Baltic states Estonian resistance Latvian resistance movement Lithuanian resistance Soviet partisans Belgium Belgian Resistance Belgian National Movement Front de l'Indépendance Secret Army Witte Brigade Bulgaria Bulgarian resistance movement Fatherland Front People's Liberation Insurgent Army Burma Anti-Fascist Organisation Czechia Resistance in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia Jan Žižka partisan brigade Prague uprising Denmark Danish resistance movement France French Resistance Maquis Armée Juive Armée secrète Combat Franc-Tireur Francs-Tireurs et Partisans Libération-Nord Libération-sud Mouvements Unis de la Résistance National Council of the Resistance National Front Germany German resistance to Nazism Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany Pope Pius XII and the German Resistance National Committee for a Free Germany AKFD Rote Kapelle Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein Organization Schwarze Kapelle 20 July plot Oster conspiracy White Rose Greece Cretan resistance Greek resistance ELAS Italy Italian resistance movement National Liberation Committee Japan Political dissidence in the Empire of Japan Japanese in the Chinese resistance to the Empire of Japan Japanese People's Emancipation League Jewish Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee Jewish partisans Jewish resistance during the Holocaust Jewish Labor Committee Luxembourg Luxembourg resistance Netherlands Dutch resistance Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten Norway Norwegian resistance movement Poland Polish resistance movement in World War II (Polish Underground State) Anti-Fascist Bloc Armia Krajowa Armia Ludowa Bataliony Chłopskie Gwardia Ludowa Kampfgruppe Auschwitz Narodowe Siły Zbrojne Olimp Polscy Socjaliści Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa Zydowski Zwiazek Walki Romania Romanian resistance movement during World War II Slovakia Slovak partisans Slovak National Uprising Spain Spanish Maquis Soviet Union Soviet partisans Moldovan resistance movement Yugoslavia Yugoslav resistance movement Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Serbia Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia Croatian Partisans Liberation Front of the Slovenian People Slovene Partisans Yugoslav Partisans
Postwar Post–World War II anti-fascism (denazification) Germany Antifa Arsch huh, Zäng ussenander Italy ANPI Bella ciao Liberation Day Netherlands Anti-fascist research group Kafka Portugal Armed Forces Movement Carnation Revolution Spain Spanish Maquis Sweden Antifascistisk Aktion Switzerland Aktion Kinder des Holocaust United Kingdom 43 Group 62 Group Anti-Fascist Action Anti-Nazi League Unite Against Fascism United States Antifa Anti-Racist Action Redneck Revolt Refuse Fascism
Music and culture "A las Barricadas" "¡Ay Carmela!" "Bella ciao" "First they came ..." "Fischia il vento" "Grândola, Vila Morena" "Nazi Punks Fuck Off" Rock Against Racism "Rock gegen Rechts" Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice "This machine kills fascists" "(We Don't Need This) Fascist Groove Thang" Red and anarchist black metal
Tactics and methods Black bloc Deplatforming Direct action Diversity of tactics Milkshaking Popular front Squadism United front
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During World War II, resistance movements operated in German-occupied Europe by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda, hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns. In many countries, resistance movements were sometimes also referred to as The Underground.

The resistance movements in World War II can be broken down into two primary politically polarized camps:

• the internationalist and usually Communist Party-led anti-fascist resistance that existed in nearly every country in the world; and
• the various nationalist groups in German- or Soviet-occupied countries, such as the Republic of Poland, that opposed both Nazi Germany and the Communists.

While historians and governments of some European countries have attempted to portray resistance to Nazi occupation as widespread among their populations,^[1] only a small minority of people participated in organized resistance, estimated at one to three percent of the population of countries in western Europe. In eastern Europe where Nazi rule was more oppressive, a larger percentage of people were in organized resistance movements, for example, an estimated 10-15 percent of the Polish population. Passive resistance by non-cooperation with the occupiers was much more common.^[2]