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In organizational studies, resource management is the efficient and effective development of an organization's resources when they are needed. Such resources may include the financial resources, inventory, human skills, production resources, or information technology (IT) and natural resources.

In the realm of project management, processes, techniques and philosophies as to the best approach for allocating resources have been developed. These include discussions on functional vs. cross-functional resource allocation as well as processes espoused by organizations like the Project Management Institute (PMI) through their Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) methodology of project management. Resource management is a key element to activity resource estimating and project human resource management. Both are essential components of a comprehensive project management plan to execute and monitor a project successfully.^[1]^[2]^[3] As is the case with the larger discipline of project management, there are resource management software tools available that automate and assist the process of resource allocation to projects and portfolio resource transparency including supply and demand of resources.

^ A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, Third Edition. Newtown Square, Pennsylvania: Project Management Institute (PMI). 2004. ISBN 1-930699-45-X.
^ A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, Fourth Edition. Newtown Square, Pennsylvania: Project Management Institute (PMI). 2008. ISBN 978-1-933890-51-7.
^ A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, Sixth Edition. Newtown Square, Pennsylvania: Project Management Institute (PMI). 2017. ISBN 978-1-62825-184-5.