Restoration (Spain)

Kingdom of Spain
Reino de España
1874–1931
Motto: Plus Ultra (Latin)
"Further Beyond"
Anthem: Marcha Real (Spanish)
"Royal March"
The Kingdom of Spain and its colonies in 1898
The Kingdom of Spain and its colonies in 1898
CapitalMadrid
Common languagesSpanish
Religion
Roman Catholicism (state religion)
Demonym(s)Spanish, Spaniard
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
King 
• 1874–1885
Alfonso XII
• 1886–1931
Alfonso XIII
Regent 
• 1885–1902
Maria Christina
Prime Minister 
• 1874–1875 (first)
Antonio Cánovas
• 1931 (last)
Juan B. Aznar
LegislatureCortes Generales
Senate
Congress of Deputies
History 
29 December 1874
30 June 1876
April - August 1898
1909–1910
• Rif War
1920–1926
14 April 1931
CurrencySpanish peseta
Preceded by
Succeeded by
First Spanish Republic
Second Spanish Republic

The Restoration (Spanish: Restauración) or Bourbon Restoration (Spanish: Restauración borbónica) was the period in Spanish history between the First Spanish Republic and the Second Spanish Republic from 1874 to 1931. It began on 29 December 1874, after a coup d'état by General Arsenio Martínez Campos ended the First Spanish Republic and restored the monarchy under Alfonso XII, and ended on 14 April 1931 with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic.

After nearly a century of political instability and several civil wars, the Restoration attempted to establish a new political system that ensured stability through the practice of turno, an intentional rotation of liberal and conservative parties in leadership often achieved through electoral fraud. Critics of the system included republicans, socialists, anarchists, Basque and Catalan nationalists, and Carlists.


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