Rio Negro (Amazon)

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Rio Negro Guainía River
Sunset over the Rio Negro, upstream from Manaus
Map showing the Rio Negro in the Amazon Basin
Native name	Rio Negro (Portuguese) Río Negro (Spanish)
Location
Countries	Colombia Venezuela Brazil
Physical characteristics
Source	highlands of Colombia
• location	Guainía Department, Amazon region, Colombia
• coordinates	1°56′50″N 70°1′55″W / 1.94722°N 70.03194°W / 1.94722; -70.03194 (approximately)
• elevation	250 m (820 ft) (approximately)
Mouth	Amazon River
• location	Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil
• coordinates	3°08′00″S 59°54′30″W / 3.13333°S 59.90833°W / -3.13333; -59.90833
• elevation	8 m (26 ft)[1]
Length	Rio Negro–Guainía 2,250 km (1,400 mi)[2]
Basin size	714,577.6 km2 (275,900.0 sq mi)[3]
Width
• average	2,450 m (8,040 ft)[4]
Depth
• average	20 m (66 ft) (Serrinha); 24 m (79 ft) to 31 m (102 ft) (Manaus)[3]
• maximum	60 m (200 ft) (Manaus)[4]
Discharge
• location	Manaus
• average	(Period: 2015–2019)34,573 m3/s (1,220,900 cu ft/s)[4]
• minimum	4,240 m3/s (150,000 cu ft/s)[3]
• maximum	64,380 m3/s (2,274,000 cu ft/s)[3]
Discharge
• location	Paricatuba (Anavilhanas)
• average	(Period: 2008–2019)34,444 m3/s (1,216,400 cu ft/s)[5]
• minimum	7,633 m3/s (269,600 cu ft/s) (2009/10)[5]
• maximum	65,510 m3/s (2,313,000 cu ft/s) (2014/06)[5]
Discharge
• location	Serrinha, 0°28′57.4716″S 64°49′36.6492″W / 0.482631000°S 64.826847000°W / -0.482631000; -64.826847000
• average	(Period: 1997–2015)16,845.5 m3/s (594,890 cu ft/s)[7]
• minimum	5,000 m3/s (180,000 cu ft/s)[6]
• maximum	30,000 m3/s (1,100,000 cu ft/s)[6]
Discharge
• location	São Felipe, 0°22′11.8056″N 67°18′42.9948″W / 0.369946000°N 67.311943000°W / 0.369946000; -67.311943000
• average	(Period: 1997–2014)8,314.5 m3/s (293,620 cu ft/s)[7]
• minimum	1,200 m3/s (42,000 cu ft/s)[6]
• maximum	15,500 m3/s (550,000 cu ft/s)[6]
Discharge
• location	Cucuí
• average	(Period: 1997–2014)5,113.1 m3/s (180,570 cu ft/s)[7]
• minimum	400 m3/s (14,000 cu ft/s)[6]
• maximum	10,500 m3/s (370,000 cu ft/s)[6]
Basin features
Progression	Amazon → Atlantic Ocean
River system	Amazon River
Tributaries
• left	Casiquiare, Cauaburi, Marauiá, Macucuaú, Padauari, Demini, Jufari, Branco, Jauaperi, Camanaú, Baependi, Apuaú, Cuieiras, Tarumã Mirim, Tarumã Açu
• right	Guainía (Upper Negro), Xié, Içana, Uaupés, Curicuriari, Marié, Tea, Uneiuxi, Aiuanã, Urubaxi, Ararirá, Cuiuni, Caurés, Unini, Jaú, Puduari

The Rio Negro (Portuguese: Rio Negro [ˈʁi.u neɡɾu]; Spanish: Río Negro [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo] "Black River"), or Guainía as it is known in its upper part, is the largest left tributary of the Amazon River (accounting for about 14% of the water in the Amazon basin), the largest blackwater river in the world,^[8] and one of the world's ten largest rivers by average discharge. Despite its high flow, the Rio Negro has a low sediment load (5.76 million tonnes per year on average in Manaus).^[4]