Robert E. Park

Robert E. Park
Born	(1864-02-14)February 14, 1864 Harveyville, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, US
Died	February 7, 1944(1944-02-07) (aged 79) Nashville, Tennessee, US
Alma mater	Heidelberg University University of Michigan Harvard University University of Minnesota Friedrich Wilhelm University
Known for	Human ecology race relations collective behavior
Spouse	Clara Cahill
Children	4
Scientific career
Fields	Sociology Criminology
Institutions	University of Chicago Tuskegee Institute
Doctoral advisors	Wilhelm Windelband Alfred Hettner
Doctoral students	Howard P. Becker Roderick D. McKenzie

Robert Ezra Park (February 14, 1864 – February 7, 1944) was an American urban sociologist who is considered to be one of the most influential figures in early U.S. sociology.^[1] Park was a pioneer in the field of sociology, changing it from a passive philosophical discipline to an active discipline rooted in the study of human behavior. He made significant contributions to the study of urban communities, race relations and the development of empirically grounded research methods, most notably participant observation in the field of criminology.^[2] From 1905 to 1914, Park worked with Booker T. Washington at the Tuskegee Institute. After Tuskegee, he taught at the University of Chicago from 1914 to 1933, where he played a leading role in the development of the Chicago School of sociology.

Park is noted for his work in human ecology, race relations, human migration, cultural assimilation, social movements, and social disorganization.^[3] He played a large role in defining sociology as a natural science and challenged the belief that sociology is a moral science.^[4] He saw sociology as "...a point of view and a method for investigating the processes by which individuals are inducted into and induced to cooperate in some sort of permanent corporate existence, society."^[5]