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Ruscism

This article is about the contemporary syncretic ideology of Russia. For the 1930–1940s Russian fascism, see Russian Fascist Party. For the political ideology of Vladimir Putin, see Putinism.
Not to be confused with Racism or Russianism.

A combination of Saint George's ribbon and the letter Z, two symbols associated with Ruscism. The combination of these symbols has been compared to the Nazi swastika, and is sometimes called zwastika.[1][2]
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Ruscism (also Rashism[a] or Russism[b]), a portmanteau of Russian fascism,[c] is a neologism[3][4] and a derogatory term which is used by a number of scholars, politicians and publicists[5] to describe the political ideology and policies of the Russian state under Vladimir Putin. It is used in reference to the Russian state's autocratic political system, ultranationalism and neo-imperialism, militarism, expansionism, corporatism, close alignment of church and state, political repression, use of censorship and state propaganda, and a cult of personality around Putin.[6][7][8][1][9][10][11][12]

Ruscism is described as based on the ideas of the "Russian world" and "special civilizational mission" of the Russians, such as Moscow as the third Rome,[13][14][15] which manifests itself in anti-Westernism and supports regaining former lands by conquest.[16][17][18] Ukrainian officials and media often use 'Rashist' to broadly refer to members and backers of the Russian Armed Forces.[19][20]

The current usage of the term originated in 1995 during the First Chechen War, but it became more prevalent after the Russo-Georgian and Russo-Ukrainian wars, and it became especially prevalent during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

  1. ^ a b Marayev, Vladlen; Guz, Julia (30 March 2022). "Rashism or why russians are the new Nazi". VoxUkraine. Archived from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
  2. ^ Varnytskyy, Viktor (23 March 2022). «Звичайний рашизм»: Путін відверто і послідовно наслідує Гітлера ["Ordinary Rashism": Putin openly and consistently imitates Hitler]. Радіо Свобода (in Ukrainian). Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on 25 April 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
  3. ^ Snyder, Timothy (22 April 2022). "The War in Ukraine Has Unleashed a New Word". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 15 January 2023. Three-quarters of the letters in a Ukrainian neologism from English ("Pаша") are brought together with five-sixths of the letters from an adopted Italian word ("фашизм," fascism) [...] The Ukrainian language has offered a neologism whose formation helps us to see deeper into the creativity of another culture, and whose meaning helps us to see why this war is fought
  4. ^ Spišiaková, Mária; Natalia, Shumeiko. "Political Euphemisms and Neologisms in Online Media Content: Amid the War in Ukraine" (PDF).
  5. ^ *"Zelenskyy Compares Evil of Nazism to 'Current Evil of Ruscism'". Voice of America. 8 May 2023. Archived from the original on 28 July 2023.
  6. ^ Garner, Ian (21 May 2023). "Russia's Frighteningly Fascist Youth". Foreign Policy.
  7. ^ Samoilenko, Sergei A.; Keohane, Jennifer; Icks, Martijn; Shiraev, Eric (2019). Routledge Handbook of Character Assassination and Reputation Management. Routledge International Handbooks. Taylor & Francis. p. 367. ISBN 978-1-351-36832-2. Retrieved 28 April 2022. Ukrainian press has been presenting .... the term Rashism, which conflates Russia and fascism
  8. ^ Gaufman, Elizaveta (2016). Security Threats and Public Perception: Digital Russia and the Ukraine Crisis. New Security Challenges. Springer International Publishing. p. 107. ISBN 978-3-319-43201-4. Retrieved 28 April 2022. Pro-Ukrainian commentators have also used the word 'Rashism'
  9. ^ Mohammed, Zahraa Jasim; Challoob, Mahmood Ghazi (2021). Некоторые Инновационные словообразовательные процессы в популярных интернет-текстах в русском и арабском языках [Some innovative word-formation processes in popular Internet texts in Russian and Arabic]. Journal of the College of Languages (in Russian) (43): 186–207. doi:10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.43.0186. S2CID 242426043. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  10. ^ "Jak raszyzm rozlewał się na zachód Europy" [How Ruscism spread to Western Europe]. Rzeczpospolita (in Polish). 22 April 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference Snyder_2022-05-19 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference economist was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Gregor, A. James (March 1998). "Fascism and the New Russian Nationalism". Communist and Post-Communist Studies. 31 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1016/S0967-067X(97)00025-1. JSTOR 48609343. S2CID 153638678.
  14. ^ Motyl, Alexander J. (23 April 2015). "Is Putin's Russia Fascist?". UkraineAlert. Atlantic Council. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
  15. ^ Stanley, Jason (26 February 2022). "The antisemitism animating Putin's claim to 'denazify' Ukraine". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
  16. ^ Kalisz, Stanisław (26 April 2022). "Raszyzm, czyli "byt kształtuje świadomość" – a może już na odwrót? Portret" [Rashism, meaning "being shapes consciousness – or maybe the other way around? Portrait]. Europrojekty (in Polish). Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  17. ^ Gotowalska, Żaneta (30 April 2022). "Raszyzm w natarciu. "Zbłąkanych" Ukraińców nawrócić, resztę wyeliminować" [Rashism on the rise. Convert the "stray" Ukrainians and eliminate the rest]. WP Magazyn (in Polish). Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  18. ^ "Rashism or why russians are the new Nazi". VoxUkraine. 30 March 2022. Archived from the original on 24 March 2023. Retrieved 9 June 2022.
  19. ^ Mirovalev, Mansur (3 May 2022). "'Orcs' and 'Rashists': Ukraine's new language of war". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 3 May 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  20. ^ "Ideolohiya rashyzmu maye buty zasudzhena svitom, yak natsyzm i fashyzm – istoryk" Ідеологія рашизму має бути засуджена світом, як нацизм і фашизм – історик [The ideology of Rashism can be condemned by the world, like Nazism and fascism – historian] (in Ukrainian). Ukrinform. 8 March 2022. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2022.


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