Senate of the Republic (Italy)

Senate of the Republic Senato della Repubblica
19th legislature (list)
Type
Type	Upper house of the Italian Parliament
Leadership
President	Ignazio La Russa, FdI since 13 October 2022
Vice Presidents	Licia Ronzulli (FI) Gian Marco Centinaio (Lega) Anna Rossomando (PD) Maria Domenica Castellone (M5S) since 19 October 2022
Structure
Seats	205 (200 elected + 5 senators for life)
Political groups	Government (120)   FdI (63)   Lega–PSd'Az (29)   FI (20)   CdI–NM–MAIE (6)[a]   Mixed (2)[b] Opposition (85)   PD–IDP (37)[c]   M5S (26)   IV (7)   Aut. (6)[d]   Mixed (9)[f]
Elections
Voting system	Parallel voting: 74 FPTP seats, 126 PR seats with 3% electoral threshold (D'Hondt method)
Last election	25 September 2022
Next election	No later than 2027
Meeting place
Palazzo Madama, Rome
Website
www.senato.it/home

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The Senate of the Republic (Italian: Senato della Repubblica), or simply the Senate (Italian: Senato, [seˈnaːto]), is the upper house of the bicameral Italian Parliament, the lower house being the Chamber of Deputies. The two houses together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately. Pursuant to the Articles 57, 58, and 59 of the Italian Constitution, the Senate has 200 elective members, of which 196 are elected from Italian constituencies, and 4 from Italian citizens living abroad. Furthermore, there is a small number (currently 5) of senators for life (senatori a vita), either appointed or ex officio. It was established in its current form on 8 May 1948, but previously existed during the Kingdom of Italy as Senato del Regno (Senate of the Kingdom), itself a continuation of the Senato Subalpino (Subalpine Senate) of Sardinia established on 8 May 1848. Members of the Senate are styled Senator or The Honourable Senator (Italian: Onorevole Senatore)^[1] and they meet at Palazzo Madama, Rome.

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