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Sergei Kopeikin

Sergei Kopeikin
Born (1956-04-10) April 10, 1956 (age 68)
Kashin, USSR
NationalityRussian/American
Alma materMoscow State University
Sternberg Astronomical Institute
Known forResearch in Relativity and Gravitation and for Tests of General Relativity including the speed of gravity, pulsar timing, gravitomagnetism, cosmology, VLBI and relativistic geodesy
Scientific career
FieldsTheoretical Physics
General Relativity
Gravitational Waves
Cosmology
Astrophysics
Celestial Mechanics
Astrometry
Geodesy
Metrology
InstitutionsUniversity of Missouri-Columbia
ThesisGeneral Relativistic Equations of Binary Motion for Extended Bodies with Conservative Corrections and Radiation Damping (1986)
Doctoral advisorsYakov Borisovich Zel'dovich Leonid Petrovich Grishchuk
Notes

Sergei Kopeikin (born April 10, 1956) is a USSR-born theoretical physicist and astronomer presently living and working in the United States, where he holds the position of Professor of Physics at the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. He specializes in the theoretical and experimental study of gravity and general relativity. He is also an expert in the field of the astronomical reference frames and time metrology. His general relativistic theory of the Post-Newtonian reference frames which he had worked out along with Victor A. Brumberg, was adopted in 2000 by the resolutions of the International Astronomical Union as a standard for reduction of ground-based astronomical observation. A computer program Tempo2 used to analyze radio observations of pulsars,[1][2] includes several effects predicted by S. Kopeikin that are important for measuring parameters of the binary pulsars,[3][4][5][6] for testing general relativity,[7][8] and for detection of gravitational waves of ultra-low frequency.[9] Sergei Kopeikin has worked out a complete post-Newtonian theory of equations of motion of N extended bodies in scalar-tensor theory of gravity with all mass and spin multipole moments of arbitrary order [10][11] and derived the Lagrangian of the relativistic N-body problem.[12]

In September 2002, S. Kopeikin led a team which conducted a high-precision VLBI experiment to measure the fundamental speed of gravity,[13][14] thus, confirming the Einstein's prediction on the relativistic nature of gravitational field and its finite speed of propagation.[15]

He is also involved in studies concerning the capabilities of the Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) technique to measure dynamical features of the General Theory of Relativity in the lunar motion. He has critically analyzed the claims of other scientists concerning the possibility of LLR to measure the gravitomagnetic interaction.[16] Prof. Kopeikin organized and chaired three international workshops on the advanced theory and model of the Lunar Laser Ranging experiment. The LLR workshops were held in the International Space Science Institute (Bern, Switzerland) in 2010-2012.[17]

Recently, S. Kopeikin has been actively involved in theoretical studies on relativistic geodesy and applications of atomic clocks for high-precision navigation and in geodetic datum.[18] He has provided an exact relativistic definition of geoid,[19] and worked out the post-Newtonian concepts of the Maclaurin spheroid[20] and normal gravity formula.[21] S. Kopeikin's workshop on spacetime metrology, clocks and relativistic geodesy is held in the International Space Science Institute (Bern, Switzerland).[22]

Kopeikin was born in Kashin, a small town near Moscow in what was then the USSR. He graduated with excellence from Department of Astrophysics of Moscow State University in 1983 where he studied general relativity under Leonid Grishchuk. In 1986, he obtained a Ph.D. in relativistic astrophysics from the Space Research Institute in Moscow. His Ph.D. thesis was advised by Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich and presented a first general-relativistic derivation of the conservative and radiation reaction forces in the Post-Newtonian expansion of the gravitational field of a binary system of two extended, massive bodies. In 1991, he obtained a Doctor of Science degree in Physics and Mathematics from Moscow State University and moved to Tokyo (Japan) in 1993 to teach astronomy in Hitotsubashi University. He was adjunct staff member in National Astronomical Observatory of Japan in 1993-1996 and a visiting professor in the same observatory in 1996-1997. Kopeikin moved to Germany in 1997 and worked in the Institute for Theoretical Physics of Friedrich Schiller University of Jena and in Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy until 1999. He had joined Department of Physics and Astronomy of the University of Missouri in February 2000 where he got tenure in 2004.

He has been married to Zoia Kopeikina (daughter of Solomon Borisovich Pikelner) since 1980, they have four daughters, four granddaughters and three grandsons. As of December 2019 the family lives in Columbia, Missouri and Texas.

  1. ^ G. B. Hobbs; R. T. Edwards; R. N. Manchester (2006). "TEMPO2, a new pulsar timing package. I: Overview". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 369 (2): 655–672. arXiv:astro-ph/0603381. Bibcode:2006MNRAS.369..655H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10302.x. S2CID 9100723.
  2. ^ R. T. Edwards; G. B. Hobbs; R. N. Manchester (2006). "TEMPO2, a new pulsar timing package. II: The timing model and precision estimates". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 372 (4): 1549–1574. arXiv:astro-ph/0607664. Bibcode:2006MNRAS.372.1549E. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10870.x. S2CID 15470313.
  3. ^ S. M. Kopeikin (1995). "On possible implications of orbital parallaxes of wide orbit binary pulsars and their measurability". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 439 (1): L5–L8. Bibcode:1995ApJ...439L...5K. doi:10.1086/187731.
  4. ^ S. M. Kopeikin (1996). "Proper Motion of Binary Pulsars as a Source of Secular Variations of Orbital Parameters". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 467 (8): L93–L95. Bibcode:1996ApJ...467L..93K. doi:10.1086/310201. S2CID 121403585.
  5. ^ O.V. Doroshenko; S. M. Kopeikin (1995). "Relativistic effect of gravitational deflection of light in binary pulsars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 274 (4): 1029–1038. arXiv:astro-ph/9505065. Bibcode:1995MNRAS.274.1029D. doi:10.1093/mnras/274.4.1029.
  6. ^ S.M. Kopeikin (2003). "Retardation of Gravity in Binary Pulsars" (PDF). In M. Bailes; D.J. Nice; S.E. Thorsett (eds.). Radio Pulsars. APS Conference Series. Vol. 302. The Astronomical Society of the Pacific. pp. 111–114. Bibcode:2003ASPC..302..111K.
  7. ^ S. M. Kopeikin (1985). "General Relativistic Equations of Binary Motion for Extended Bodies with Conservative Corrections and Radiation Damping". Soviet Astronomy. 29 (8): 516–524. Bibcode:1985SvA....29..516K.
  8. ^ M. Kramer; et al. (2021). "Strong-Field Gravity Tests with the Double Pulsar". Phys. Rev. X. 11 (4): 041050. arXiv:2112.06795. Bibcode:2021PhRvX..11d1050K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.11.041050. S2CID 245124502.
  9. ^ S. M. Kopeikin (1997). "Binary pulsars as detectors of ultralow-frequency gravitational waves". Physical Review D. 56 (8): 4455–4469. Bibcode:1997PhRvD..56.4455K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.56.4455.
  10. ^ S. M. Kopeikin; I.Yu. Vlasov (2004). "Parametrized post-Newtonian theory of reference frames, multipolar expansions and equations of motion in the N-body problem". Physics Reports. 400 (4–6): 209–318. arXiv:gr-qc/0403068. Bibcode:2004PhR...400..209K. doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2004.08.004. S2CID 119704064.
  11. ^ S. M. Kopeikin (2019). "Covariant equations of motion of extended bodies with arbitrary mass and spin multipoles". Physical Review D. 99 (9): 084008. arXiv:1810.11713. Bibcode:2019PhRvD..99h4008K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.99.084008. S2CID 102351550.
  12. ^ S. M. Kopeikin (2020). "Post-Newtonian Lagrangian of an N -body system with arbitrary mass and spin multipoles". Physical Review D. 102 (2): 024053. arXiv:2006.08029. Bibcode:2020PhRvD.102b4053K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.102.024053. S2CID 219687947.
  13. ^ S. M. Kopeikin (2001). "Testing the Relativistic Effect of the Propagation of Gravity by Very Long Baseline Interferometry". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 556 (1): L1–L5. arXiv:gr-qc/0105060. Bibcode:2001ApJ...556L...1K. doi:10.1086/322872. S2CID 2121856.
  14. ^ S. M. Kopeikin (2003). "The Measurement of the Light Deflection from Jupiter: Experimental Results". Astrophysical Journal. 598 (1): 704–711. arXiv:astro-ph/0302294. Bibcode:2003ApJ...598..704F. doi:10.1086/378785. S2CID 14002701.
  15. ^ "Einstein proved right on gravity". BBC News. January 8, 2003. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
  16. ^ "Physicist Says Testing Technique For Gravitomagnetic Field Is Ineffective". Science Daily. June 2, 2007. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
  17. ^ "Theory and Model for the New Generation of the Lunar Laser Ranging Data". International Space Science Institute.
  18. ^ J. Müller; D. Dirkx; S. M. Kopeikin; G. Lion; I.Panet; P.N.A.M. Visser (2018). "High Performance Clocks and Gravity Field Determination". Space Science Reviews. 214 (1): 5. arXiv:1702.06761. Bibcode:2018SSRv..214....5M. doi:10.1007/s11214-017-0431-z. S2CID 119335425.
  19. ^ S. M. Kopeikin; E. M. Mazurova; A. P. Karpik (2015). "Towards an exact relativistic theory of Earth's geoid undulation". Physics Letters A. 379 (26–27): 1555–1562. arXiv:1411.4205. Bibcode:2015PhLA..379.1555K. doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2015.02.046.
  20. ^ S. M. Kopeikin; W.-B. Han; E. M. Mazurova (2016). "Post-Newtonian reference ellipsoid for relativistic geodesy". Physical Review D. 93 (4): 044069. arXiv:1510.03131. Bibcode:2016PhRvD..93d4069K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.93.044069. S2CID 119140663.
  21. ^ S. M. Kopeikin; I. Y. Vlasov; W.-B. Han (2018). "Normal gravity field in relativistic geodesy". Physical Review D. 97 (4): 045020. arXiv:1708.09456. Bibcode:2018PhRvD..97d5020K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.97.045020. S2CID 119366302.
  22. ^ "Spacetime Metrology, Clocks and Relativistic Geodesy". International Space Science Institute.

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