Sham Legion

Sham Legion
فَيْلَق الشَّام
Faylaq al-Sham
Leaders
  • Commander-in-chief: Fadlallah al-Haji
  • Leader (2014): Mondher Saras[1]
  • Top commander: Col. Mohammad Bakkar [2]
  • Field commander: Zuheir Harba [3]
  • Senior commander: Feisal Balkash [4]
  • Field commander (2014–18): Maj. Yasser Abdul Rahim[5][6]
  • Field commander: Khaldun Mador ("Abu Jamil")[6]
Dates of operation10 March 2014 – present[1]
Active regionsWestern and northern Syria
IdeologySunni Islamism[1][7]
Size4,000[8][9]
(Russian military claim, December 2016)
8,500-10,000 fighters (2018 estimate)[10]
Part of
Allies
Opponents
Battles and warsSyrian Civil War
Preceded by
Shields of the Revolution Council
Civilian Protection Committee[21]

The Sham Legion (Arabic: فَيْلَق الشَّام, Faylaq al-Shām[1]) is an alliance of Sunni Islamist rebel groups formed in March 2014, during the Syrian Civil War.[1] The alliance was formed from 19 different groups,[22] some of which were previously affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood of Syria and the Shields of the Revolution Council.[1][23]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "The Sham Legion: Syria's Moderate Islamists". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 15 April 2014. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  2. ^ Charkatli, Izat (10 July 2016). "Prominent rebel commander killed in Mallah battles". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
  3. ^ Fadel, Leith (9 July 2016). "Jihadist rebels suffer heavy casualties in failed northern Aleppo offensive". Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  4. ^ "Senior Terrorist Commanders Killed in Failed Attacks on Gov't Positions in Aleppo". Farsnews. 10 July 2016. Archived from the original on 25 February 2017. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
  5. ^ "Who Are the Pro-Turkey Rebels Advancing on Syria's Afrin". Naharnet. 22 January 2018. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
  6. ^ a b "The "Sham Corps" isolates leader Yasser Abdel Rahim". Enab Baladi. 7 February 2018.
  7. ^ "Al Qaeda and allies gain more ground in Aleppo province". The Long War Journal. 24 June 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  8. ^ "Yes, there are 70,000 moderate opposition fighters in Syria". Spectator Blogs. Archived from the original on 28 November 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
  9. ^ "List of armed formations, which joined the ceasefire in the Syrian Arab Republic on December 30, 2016". Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  10. ^ "Pro-Turkey rebels start pullout from Syria's Idlib under deal | DW | 30.09.2018". Deutsche Welle.
  11. ^ "New alliance could signal end of Islamic Front". As-Safir. 4 August 2014. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  12. ^ "The biggest rebel factions in Aleppo just formed coalition "Operation Conquest of Aleppo". Source is a facebook video uploaded 20 mins ago by the Syrian Revolution 2011 facebook page. : syriancivilwar". reddit. 26 April 2015.
  13. ^ "Inside the Victory Army restructuring: Infighting led to 'breakdown of our operational effectiveness'". Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  14. ^ "WinningLooksLike comments on FSA, Jabhat a-Nusra ally in north Homs ahead of expected Russian-backed offensive". reddit. 6 October 2015.
  15. ^ "Factions involved in North Aleppo's Opposition/SDF Conflict". Archicivilians. 1 December 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  16. ^ "Official statement listing groups involved in the 'North Hama Countryside Operations Room' - Jaish al-Nasr, Jaish al-Izza, Faylaq al-Sham, Abna al-Sham, Liwa Omar • r/syriancivilwar". reddit. 5 November 2016.
  17. ^ "11 FSA Factions in New Command in of "National Front Liberation"". Syria Call. 28 May 2018. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  18. ^ a b "Freedom, Human Rights, Rule of Law: The Goals and Guiding Principles of the Islamic Front and Its Allies". Democratic Revolution, Syrian Style. 17 May 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
  19. ^ "Syrian War Daily – 2nd of March 2018". 2 March 2018.
  20. ^ "Rebels launch full-on assault of Idlib city". Syria Direct. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
  21. ^ Abdullah al-Mousa (29 October 2020). "The Sham Legion ... the transformations, the network of relations, and the unique case in militarism". Syria TV.
  22. ^ "Nineteen Syrian Opposition Groups Unite under 'Al-Sham Legion'". Syria 360°. 11 March 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
  23. ^ Cody Roche Syrian Opposition Factions in the Syrian Civil War, Bellingcat, 13 August 2016

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