Back متلازمة الأمعاء القصيرة Arabic Qısa bağırsaq sindromu Azerbaijani Síndrome de l'intestí curt Catalan Korttarmspatient Danish Kurzdarmsyndrom German Síndrome del intestino corto Spanish Syndrome du grêle court French תסמונת המעי הקצר HE Կարճ աղիքի համախտանիշ Armenian Sindrome dell'intestino corto Italian
| Short bowel syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Short gut syndrome, short gut, intestinal failure |
 | |
| A piece of diseased ileum following removal by surgery. | |
| Specialty | Gastroenterology |
| Symptoms | Diarrhea, dehydration, malnutrition, weight loss[1] |
| Complications | Anemia, kidney stones[2] |
| Causes | Surgical removal of a large portion of the small intestine[1] |
| Risk factors | Crohn's disease, necrotising enterocolitis[2] |
| Treatment | Specific diet, medications, surgery[1] |
| Medication | Antibiotics, antacids, loperamide, teduglutide, growth hormone[1] |
| Prognosis | Depends on amount of small bowel remaining[2] |
| Frequency | 3 per million per year, in which is a rare disorder[1] |
Short bowel syndrome (SBS, or simply short gut) is a rare malabsorption disorder caused by a lack of functional small intestine.[3] The primary symptom is diarrhea, which can result in dehydration, malnutrition, and weight loss.[1] Other symptoms may include bloating, heartburn, feeling tired, lactose intolerance, and foul-smelling stool.[1] Complications can include anemia and kidney stones.[2]
Most cases are due to the surgical removal of a large portion of the small intestine.[1] This is most often required due to Crohn's disease in adults and necrotising enterocolitis in young children.[2] Other causes include damage to the small intestine from other means and being born with an abnormally short intestine.[1] It usually does not develop until less than 2 m (6.6 ft) of the normally 6.1 m (20 ft) small intestine remains.[1][3]
Treatment may include a specific diet, medications, or surgery.[1] The diet may include slightly salty and slightly sweet liquids, vitamin and mineral supplements, small frequent meals, and the avoidance of high fat food.[1] Occasionally nutrients need to be given through an intravenous line, known as parenteral nutrition.[1] Medications used may include antibiotics, antacids, loperamide, teduglutide, and growth hormone.[1] Different types of surgery, including an intestinal transplant, may help some people.[1]
Short bowel syndrome newly occurs in about three per million people each year.[1] There are estimated to be about 15,000 people with the condition in the United States.[2] The prevalence in the United States is approximately 30 cases per million and in Europe it is approximately 1.4 cases per million (but the rate varies widely between countries).[4] The prevalence of short bowel syndrome has increased by more than 2 fold in the last 40 years.[4] It is classified as a rare disease by the European Medicines Agency.[5] Outcomes depend on the amount of bowel remaining and whether or not the small bowel remains connected with the large bowel.[2]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Short Bowel Syndrome". NIDDK. July 2015. Archived from the original on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g Ferri FF (2014). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2015: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1074. ISBN 9780323084307. Archived from the original on 2016-10-21.
- ^ a b Pironi L (April 2016). "Definitions of intestinal failure and the short bowel syndrome". Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology. 30 (2): 173–85. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2016.02.011. PMID 27086884.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
Massironiwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Short bowel syndrome", orphanet, February 2012, archived from the original on March 4, 2016, retrieved November 16, 2012