Shu (kingdom)

Shu 蜀
?–c. 316 BCE
Map showing the Kingdom of Shu during Zhou dynasty
Government	Monarchy
Historical era	Spring and Autumn period
• Established	?
• Battle of Muye	c. 1046 BCE
• Conquered by Qin	c. 316 BCE
Succeeded by Qin (state)

Shu
"Shu" in seal script (top) and regular (bottom) Chinese characters
Chinese	蜀
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Shǔ Bopomofo ㄕㄨˇ Wade–Giles Shu3 Tongyong Pinyin Shǔ IPA [ʂù] Wu Suzhounese Zóh Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Suhk Jyutping Suk6 IPA [sʊk̚˨] Southern Min Tâi-lô Sio̍k Old Chinese Baxter–Sagart (2014) *[d]ok

Shu (Chinese: 蜀; Pinyin: Shǔ; former romanization: Shuh^[1]), also known as Ancient Shu (Chinese: 古蜀; pinyin: Gǔ Shǔ) in historiography, was an ancient kingdom in what is now Sichuan Province. It was based on the Chengdu Plain, in the western Sichuan basin with some extension northeast to the upper Han River valley. To the east was the Ba tribal confederation. Further east down the Han and Yangtze rivers was the State of Chu. To the north over the Qinling Mountains was the State of Qin. To the west and south were tribal peoples of little military power.

This independent Shu state was conquered by the state of Qin in 316 BCE. Recent archaeological discoveries at Sanxingdui and Jinsha thought to be sites of Shu culture indicate the presence of a unique civilization in this region before the Qin conquest.

In subsequent periods of Chinese history the Sichuan area continued to be referred to as Shu after this ancient state, and later states founded in the same region were also called Shu.