Sodium sulfate

Sodium sulfate
Names
	IUPAC name Sodium sulfate
	Other names Sodium sulphate; Disodium sulfate; Sulfate of sodium; Thénardite (anhydrous mineral); Glauber's salt (decahydrate); Sal mirabilis (decahydrate); Mirabilite (decahydrate mineral)
Identifiers
CAS Number	7757-82-6 ; 7727-73-3 (decahydrate) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:32149 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL233406 ;
ChemSpider	22844 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.928
E number	E514(i) (acidity regulators, ...)
PubChem CID	24436;
RTECS number	WE1650000;
UNII	36KCS0R750 ; 0YPR65R21J (decahydrate ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1021291 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2Na.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2+1;/p-2 Key: PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1S/2Na.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2+1;/p-2; InChI=1S/2Na.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 Key: PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L;
	SMILES [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	Na2SO4
Molar mass	142.04 g/mol (anhydrous); 322.20 g/mol (decahydrate)
Appearance	white crystalline solid; hygroscopic
Odor	odorless
Density	2.664 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 1.464 g/cm3 (decahydrate)
Melting point	884 °C (1,623 °F; 1,157 K) (anhydrous); 32.38 °C (decahydrate)
Boiling point	1,429 °C (2,604 °F; 1,702 K) (anhydrous)
Solubility in water	anhydrous:; 4.76 g/100 mL (0 °C); 28.1 g/100 mL (25 °C); 42.7 g/100 mL (100 °C) heptahydrate:; 19.5 g/100 mL (0 °C); 44 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility	insoluble in ethanol; soluble in glycerol, water, and hydrogen iodide
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−52.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.468 (anhydrous); 1.394 (decahydrate)
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic (anhydrous); monoclinic (decahydrate)
Pharmacology
ATC code	A06AD13 (WHO) A12CA02 (WHO)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Irritant
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0952
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium selenate; Sodium tellurate
Other cations	Lithium sulfate; Potassium sulfate; Rubidium sulfate; Caesium sulfate
Related compounds	Sodium bisulfate; Sodium sulfite; Sodium persulfate; Sodium pyrosulfate
Supplementary data page
	Sodium sulfate (data page)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Sodium sulfate (also known as sodium sulphate or sulfate of soda) is the inorganic compound with formula Na₂SO₄ as well as several related hydrates. All forms are white solids that are highly soluble in water. With an annual production of 6 million tonnes, the decahydrate is a major commodity chemical product. It is mainly used as a filler in the manufacture of powdered home laundry detergents and in the Kraft process of paper pulping for making highly alkaline sulfides.^[3]

^ National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24436, Sodium sulfate. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-sulfate. Accessed Nov. 2, 2020.
^ Zachariasen WH, Ziegler GE (1932). "The crystal structure of anhydrous sodium sulfate Na2SO4". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Kristallgeometrie, Kristallphysik, Kristallchemie. 81 (1–6). Wiesbaden: Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft: 92–101. doi:10.1524/zkri.1932.81.1.92. S2CID 102107891.
^ Helmold Plessen (2000). "Sodium Sulfates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a24_355. ISBN 978-3527306732.

[1] National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24436, Sodium sulfate. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-sulfate. Accessed Nov. 2, 2020.

[2] Zachariasen WH, Ziegler GE (1932). "The crystal structure of anhydrous sodium sulfate Na2SO4". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Kristallgeometrie, Kristallphysik, Kristallchemie. 81 (1–6). Wiesbaden: Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft: 92–101. doi:10.1524/zkri.1932.81.1.92. S2CID 102107891.

[3] Helmold Plessen (2000). "Sodium Sulfates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a24_355. ISBN 978-3527306732.

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