Soil solarization

Soil solarization is a non-chemical environmentally friendly method for controlling pests using solar power to increase the soil temperature to levels at which many soil-borne plant pathogens will be killed or greatly weakened.^[1] Soil solarization is used in warm climates on a relatively small scale in gardens and organic farms. Soil solarization weakens and kills fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and insect and mite pests along with weeds in the soil by mulching the soil and covering it with a tarp, usually with a transparent polyethylene cover to trap solar energy. This energy causes physical, chemical, and biological changes in the soil community.^[2] Soil solarization is dependent upon time, temperature, and soil moisture.^[1] It may also be described as methods of decontaminating soil or creating suppressive soils by the use of sunlight.^{[citation needed]}

^ ^a ^b Raaijmakers, Jos M.; Paulitz, Timothy C.; Steinberg, Christian; Alabouvette, Claude; Moënne-Loccoz, Yvan (2008-02-23). "The rhizosphere: a playground and battlefield for soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms". Plant and Soil. 321 (1–2): 341–361. doi:10.1007/s11104-008-9568-6. ISSN 0032-079X.
^ Stapleton, James J. (September 2000). "Soil solarization in various agricultural production systems". Crop Protection. 19 (8–10): 837–841. Bibcode:2000CrPro..19..837S. doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00111-3. ISSN 0261-2194.

[:02-1] Raaijmakers, Jos M.; Paulitz, Timothy C.; Steinberg, Christian; Alabouvette, Claude; Moënne-Loccoz, Yvan (2008-02-23). "The rhizosphere: a playground and battlefield for soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms". Plant and Soil. 321 (1–2): 341–361. doi:10.1007/s11104-008-9568-6. ISSN 0032-079X.

[:1-2] Stapleton, James J. (September 2000). "Soil solarization in various agricultural production systems". Crop Protection. 19 (8–10): 837–841. Bibcode:2000CrPro..19..837S. doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00111-3. ISSN 0261-2194.

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