Solomon Islands campaign

Solomon Islands campaign
Part of the Pacific Theater of World War II
Map of the Solomon Islands showing the Allied advance during 1943 and key air and naval bases.
Date January 1942 – 21 August 1945 Location British Solomon Islands/Territory of New Guinea, South Pacific Result Allied victory
Belligerents
United States  United Kingdom  • Solomon Islands  • Fiji  • Tonga  Australia  New Zealand	Japan
Commanders and leaders
Chester Nimitz Douglas MacArthur Alexander Vandegrift Robert Ghormley William Halsey Jr. Alexander Patch Frank Jack Fletcher Richmond K. Turner Roy Geiger Theodore Wilkinson Oscar Griswold William Rupertus Eric Feldt[a] Stanley Savige Harold Barrowclough William S. Marchant[b]	Isoroku Yamamoto † Chūichi Nagumo † Shigeyoshi Inoue Nishizo Tsukahara Takeo Kurita Kiyohide Shima Jinichi Kusaka Shōji Nishimura † Gunichi Mikawa Raizo Tanaka Hitoshi Imamura Harukichi Hyakutake Minoru Sasaki Hatazō Adachi
Casualties and losses
10,600 killed 40+ ships sunk, 800 aircraft destroyed[c]	86,000 killed 50+ ships sunk, 1,500 aircraft destroyed (Most of the Japanese deaths were from disease or starvation)[c]

The Solomon Islands campaign was a major campaign of the Pacific War of World War II. The campaign began with Japanese landings and capture of several areas in the British Solomon Islands and Bougainville, in the Territory of New Guinea, during the first six months of 1942. The Japanese occupied these locations and began the construction of several naval and air bases with the goals of protecting the flank of the Japanese offensive in New Guinea, establishing a security barrier for the major Japanese base at Rabaul on New Britain, and providing bases for interdicting supply lines between the Allied powers of the United States and Australia and New Zealand.

The Allies, to defend their communication and supply lines in the South Pacific, supported a counteroffensive in New Guinea, isolated the Japanese base at Rabaul, and counterattacked the Japanese in the Solomons with landings on Guadalcanal (see Guadalcanal campaign) and small neighboring islands on 7 August 1942. These landings initiated a series of combined-arms battles between the two adversaries, beginning with the Guadalcanal landing and continuing with several battles in the central and northern Solomons, on and around New Georgia Island, and Bougainville Island.

In a campaign of attrition fought on land, at sea, and in the air, the Allies wore the Japanese down, inflicting irreplaceable losses on Japanese military assets. The Allies retook some of the Solomon Islands (although resistance continued until the end of the war), and they also isolated and neutralized some Japanese positions, which were then bypassed. The Solomon Islands campaign then converged with the New Guinea campaign.
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