Sultanate of Tidore

Sultanate of Tidore كسلطانن تدوري‎ Kesultanan Tidore
1081?/1450–1967
Seal used by Sultan Amiruddin Syah c. 1803
Sultanate of Tidore in 1800
Capital	Tidore
Common languages	North Moluccan Malay[1] Tidore
Religion	Sunni Islam
Government	Monarchy
Sultan, Kië ma-kolano
• 1081	Kolano Syahjati (Muhammad Naqil)
• 15th century–1500s	Jamaluddin
• 1947–1967	Zainal Abdin Shah
History
• Established	1081?/1450
• Disestablished	1967
Succeeded by Dutch East Indies
Today part of	Indonesia

The Sultanate of Tidore (Malay: كسلطانن تدوري‎, romanized: Kesultanan Tidore; sometimes Kerajaan Tidore) was a sultanate in Southeast Asia, centered on Tidore in the Maluku Islands (presently in North Maluku, Indonesia). It was also known as Duko, its ruler carrying the title Kië ma-kolano (Ruler of the Mountain). Tidore was a rival of the Sultanate of Ternate for control of the spice trade and had an important historical role as binding the archipelagic civilizations of Indonesia to the Papuan world.^[2] According to extant historical records, in particular the genealogies of the kings of Ternate and Tidore, the inaugural Tidorese king was Sahjati or Muhammad Naqil whose enthronement is dated 1081 in local tradition. However, the accuracy of the tradition that Tidore emerged as a polity as early as the 11th century is considered debatable. Islam was only made the official state religion in the late 15th century through the ninth King of Tidore, Sultan Jamaluddin. He was influenced by the preachings of Syekh Mansur, originally from Arabia.^[3] In the 16th and 17th centuries, the Sultans tended to ally with either Spain or Portugal to maintain their political role but were finally drawn into the Dutch sphere of power in 1663. Despite a period of anti-colonial rebellion in 1780–1810, the Dutch grip on the sultanate increased until decolonization in the 1940s. Meanwhile, Tidore's suzerainty over Raja Ampat and western Papua was acknowledged by the colonial state.^[4] In modern times, the sultanate has been revived as a cultural institution.^[5]