Supreme Constitutional Court (Egypt)

Supreme Constitutional Court
المحكمة الدستورية العليا
29°58′8″N 31°14′23″E / 29.96889°N 31.23972°E / 29.96889; 31.23972
Established	1979
Jurisdiction	Egypt
Location	Cairo
Coordinates	29°58′8″N 31°14′23″E / 29.96889°N 31.23972°E / 29.96889; 31.23972
Authorised by	1971 Constitution Law No. 48/1979
Number of positions	21
President
Currently	Boulos Fahmy
Since	9 February 2022

The Supreme Constitutional Court (Arabic: المحكمة الدستورية العليا, Al Mahkama Al Dustūrīya El ‘Ulyā) is an independent judicial body in Egypt, located in the Cairo suburb of Maadi.

The Supreme Constitutional Court is the highest judicial authority in the Arab Republic of Egypt, with its headquarters located in Cairo. Its primary function is to ensure that laws are in compliance with the provisions of the Egyptian Constitution. The court has the power to annul any laws that are found to violate constitutional texts and articles.^[1]

Operating as an independent judicial body, the Supreme Constitutional Court is separate from both the legislative and executive branches of government. The court is composed of a president, one or more vice presidents, and a sufficient number of counselors. Rulings are issued by a panel of seven counselors, and such rulings are final and cannot be contested by any means.^[2]

In addition to its role in reviewing laws, the Supreme Constitutional Court also determines the appropriate jurisdiction in cases of conflict between governmental authorities. Several conditions must be met for the court to establish competent jurisdiction: the dispute must arise between two judicial bodies or entities with judicial authority; it must originate from two judgments that definitively resolve the issue; the judgments must be contradictory to the extent that simultaneous enforcement is impossible; and the conflicting judgments must be issued by two functionally independent courts.^[3][4]